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Knowledge and Common Knowledge in a Distributed Environment

by Joseph Y. Halpern, Yoram Moses - Journal of the ACM , 1984
"... : Reasoning about knowledge seems to play a fundamental role in distributed systems. Indeed, such reasoning is a central part of the informal intuitive arguments used in the design of distributed protocols. Communication in a distributed system can be viewed as the act of transforming the system&apo ..."
Abstract - Cited by 578 (55 self) - Add to MetaCart
corresponds to knowledge that is "distributed" among the members of the group, while common knowledge corresponds to a fact being "publicly known". The relationship between common knowledge and a variety of desirable actions in a distributed system is illustrated. Furthermore, it is shown

A taxonomy and evaluation of dense two-frame stereo correspondence algorithms.

by Daniel Scharstein , Richard Szeliski - In IEEE Workshop on Stereo and Multi-Baseline Vision, , 2001
"... Abstract Stereo matching is one of the most active research areas in computer vision. While a large number of algorithms for stereo correspondence have been developed, relatively little work has been done on characterizing their performance. In this paper, we present a taxonomy of dense, two-frame ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1546 (22 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract Stereo matching is one of the most active research areas in computer vision. While a large number of algorithms for stereo correspondence have been developed, relatively little work has been done on characterizing their performance. In this paper, we present a taxonomy of dense, two

Computing semantic relatedness using Wikipedia-based explicit semantic analysis

by Evgeniy Gabrilovich, Shaul Markovitch - In Proceedings of the 20th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence , 2007
"... Computing semantic relatedness of natural language texts requires access to vast amounts of common-sense and domain-specific world knowledge. We propose Explicit Semantic Analysis (ESA), a novel method that represents the meaning of texts in a high-dimensional space of concepts derived from Wikipedi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 562 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
Computing semantic relatedness of natural language texts requires access to vast amounts of common-sense and domain-specific world knowledge. We propose Explicit Semantic Analysis (ESA), a novel method that represents the meaning of texts in a high-dimensional space of concepts derived from

Clustering by passing messages between data points

by Brendan J. Frey, Delbert Dueck - Science , 2007
"... Clustering data by identifying a subset of representative examples is important for processing sensory signals and detecting patterns in data. Such “exemplars ” can be found by randomly choosing an initial subset of data points and then iteratively refining it, but this works well only if that initi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 696 (8 self) - Add to MetaCart
if that initial choice is close to a good solution. We devised a method called “affinity propagation,” which takes as input measures of similarity between pairs of data points. Real-valued messages are exchanged between data points until a high-quality set of exemplars and corresponding clusters gradually emerges

Reducing Multiclass to Binary: A Unifying Approach for Margin Classifiers

by Erin L. Allwein, Robert E. Schapire, Yoram Singer - JOURNAL OF MACHINE LEARNING RESEARCH , 2000
"... We present a unifying framework for studying the solution of multiclass categorization problems by reducing them to multiple binary problems that are then solved using a margin-based binary learning algorithm. The proposed framework unifies some of the most popular approaches in which each class ..."
Abstract - Cited by 561 (20 self) - Add to MetaCart
given the empirical loss of the individual binary learning algorithms. The scheme and the corresponding bounds apply to many popular classification learning algorithms including support-vector machines, AdaBoost, regression, logistic regression and decision-tree algorithms. We also give a multiclass

Mediators in the architecture of future information systems

by Gio Wiederhold - IEEE COMPUTER , 1992
"... The installation of high-speed networks using optical fiber and high bandwidth messsage forwarding gateways is changing the physical capabilities of information systems. These capabilities must be complemented with corresponding software systems advances to obtain a real benefit. Without smart softw ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1135 (20 self) - Add to MetaCart
The installation of high-speed networks using optical fiber and high bandwidth messsage forwarding gateways is changing the physical capabilities of information systems. These capabilities must be complemented with corresponding software systems advances to obtain a real benefit. Without smart

Functional discovery via a compendium of expression profiles.

by Timothy R Hughes , Matthew J Marton , Allan R Jones , Christopher J Roberts , Roland Stoughton , Christopher D Armour , Holly A Bennett , Ernest Coffey , Hongyue Dai , Ross-Macdonald , Yudong D He , Matthew J Kidd , Amy M King , Michael R Meyer , David Slade , Pek Y Lum , Sergey B Stepaniants , Daniel D Shoemaker , Julian Simon , Martin Bard - Cell, , 2000
"... provided that the cellular transcriptional response to frames encode proteins required for sterol metabodisruption of different steps in the same pathway is lism, cell wall function, mitochondrial respiration, or similar, and that there are sufficiently unique transcripprotein synthesis. We also sh ..."
Abstract - Cited by 547 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
show that the compendium tional responses to the perturbation of most cellular can be used to characterize pharmacological perturpathways, systematic characterization of novel mutants bations by identifying a novel target of the commonly could be carried out with a single genome-wide expresused drug

Similarity of Color Images

by Markus Stricker, Markus Orengo , 1995
"... We describe two new color indexing techniques. The first one is a more robust version of the commonly used color histogram indexing. In the index we store the cumulative color histograms. The L 1 -, L 2 -, or L1 -distance between two cumulative color histograms can be used to define a similarity mea ..."
Abstract - Cited by 495 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
We describe two new color indexing techniques. The first one is a more robust version of the commonly used color histogram indexing. In the index we store the cumulative color histograms. The L 1 -, L 2 -, or L1 -distance between two cumulative color histograms can be used to define a similarity

Programs with Common Sense

by John McCarthy - Semantic Information Processing , 1968
"... This paper will discuss programs to manipulate in a suitable formal lan- guage (most likely a part of the predicate calculus) common instrumental statements. The basic program will draw immediate conclusions from a list of premises. These conclusions will be either declarative or imperative sentence ..."
Abstract - Cited by 391 (12 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper will discuss programs to manipulate in a suitable formal lan- guage (most likely a part of the predicate calculus) common instrumental statements. The basic program will draw immediate conclusions from a list of premises. These conclusions will be either declarative or imperative

An Analytic Derivation of the Cost of Deposit Insurance and Loan Guarantees: An Application of Modern Option Pricing Theory

by Robert C. Merton - Journal of Banking and Finance , 1977
"... It is not uncommon in the arrangement of a loan to include as part of the financial package a guarantee of the loan by a third party. Examples are guarantees by a parent company of loans made to its subsidiaries or government guarantees of loans made to private corporations. Also included would be g ..."
Abstract - Cited by 444 (6 self) - Add to MetaCart
be guarantees of bank deposits by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. As with other forms of insurance, the issuing of a guarantee imposes a liability or cost on the guarantor. In this paper, a formula is derived to evaluate this cost. The method used is to demonstrate an isomorphic correspondence
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