optimization problem: specifically, minimizing the ℓ¹ norm of the coefficients γ. In this paper, we obtain parallel results in a more general setting, where the dictionary D can arise from two or several bases, frames, or even less structured systems. We introduce the Spark, ameasure of linear dependence

for the linear transformation defining the constraints, the minimum rank solution can be recovered by solving a convex optimization problem, namely the minimization of the nuclear norm over the given affine space. We present several random ensembles of equations where the restricted isometry property holds

We consider linear equations y = Φα where y is a given vector in R n, Φ is a given n by m matrix with n < m ≤ An, and we wish to solve for α ∈ R m. We suppose that the columns of Φ are normalized to unit ℓ 2 norm 1 and we place uniform measure on such Φ. We prove the existence of ρ = ρ(A) so

to minimize the conventional least squares error while the other minimizes the generalized Kullback-Leibler divergence. The monotonic convergence of both algorithms can be proven using an auxiliary function analogous to that used for proving convergence of the ExpectationMaximization algorithm

-rank and the sparse components exactly by solving a very convenient convex program called Principal Component Pursuit; among all feasible decompositions, simply minimize a weighted combination of the nuclear norm and of the 1 norm. This suggests the possibility of a principled approach to robust principal component

time and all other standard heap operations in o ( 1) amortized time. Using F-heaps we are able to obtain improved running times for several network optimization algorithms. In particular, we obtain the following worst-case bounds, where n is the number of vertices and m the number of edges

to dynamical laws. For verification purposes, we restrict ourselves to linear hybrid systems, where all variables follow piecewise-linear trajectories. We provide decidability and undecidability results for classes of linear hybrid systems, and we show that standard program-analysis techniques can be adapted

Function approximation is viewed from the perspective of numerical optimization in function space, rather than parameter space. A connection is made between stagewise additive expansions and steepest{descent minimization. A general gradient{descent \boosting" paradigm is developed

We describe a family of caching protocols for distrib-uted networks that can be used to decrease or eliminate the occurrence of hot spots in the network. Our protocols are particularly designed for use with very large networks such as the Internet, where delays caused by hot spots can be severe

the infimum is with respect to all auxiliary random variables Z (which take values in a finite set 3) that satisfy: i) Y,Z conditiofally independent given X; ii) there exists a functionf: “Y x E +.%, such that E[D(X,f(Y,Z))] 5 d. Let Rx, y(d) be the rate-distortion function which results when the encoder