"... In PAGE 2: ... For further analysis we partitioned the data into four O3 bins (0 to 1 ppbv, 1 to 10 ppbv, 10 to 30 ppbv and above 30 ppbv). Table1 gives the means and standard deviations of the ensemble of TOPSE observations in these four bins. Selection of data below 100 m rather than 500 m leads to an increased probability of low O3 concentrations but little change to the concentration of species within each O3 bin.... In PAGE 4: ... Aerosol processes in the chemical mechanism are listed in Tables 2a and 2b and include halogen radical as well as HNO4 chemistry. [15] The model is initialized on April 15 at 73C176N, at local noon at 100 m altitude, with TOPSE measurements repre- sentative of background Arctic conditions unaffected by halogen chemistry ( Table1 : Background). The composition of the boundary layer aerosol is derived from previous studies.... In PAGE 5: ... The surface is assumed to be snow and to provide a source or sink of nitrogen oxides, H2O2, and CH2O. The surface flux boundary conditions for these and other non- radical secondary species are chosen to reproduce observed concentrations in background air (Background: Table1 ) in a steady state calculation; for that purpose the boundary layer represented by the model is assumed to be 200m deep. We thus specify small deposition velocities for PAN, PPN and H2O2 (0.... In PAGE 6: ... Concentrations are normalized to the maximum concentra- tion calculated over the diurnal cycle. Results are from a steady state Arctic boundary layer simulation for back- ground conditions ( Table1 ) and no BrOx-ClOx chemistry. TOP 16 - 6... In PAGE 7: ...2. Halogen Radicals and Hydrocarbons [23] The TOPSE observations show a decrease of the hydrocarbon concentrations along with O3 ( Table1 ) reflect- ing the presence of both Br and Cl radicals. The model reproduces the observed trends, as shown in Figure 5 for ethyne and ethane.... In PAGE 8: ... The model simulations were conducted for 10 days starting at noon, and noontime concentrations are shown here (symbols on lines). See Table1 for definitions of the lumped species. TOP 16 - 8... ..."

"... In PAGE 10: ..., 1996; Solberg et al., 1997] ( Table3 ). Enhanced PAN background concentrations are also observed in the northern mid-latitudes during the winter months [Brice et al.... In PAGE 12: ... The NOy observations from this study (Table 2) exceed the model predictions by a factor of 2-4, but show similar trends. The median NOy concentration observed at Summit during July (444 ppt) is within the range of NOy concentrations measured in the free tro- posphere during ABLE-3A, and a factor of 2 higher than the corresponding PAN concen- tration (see Table3 ). Concentrations of NOy and PAN in the boundary layer (Table 3) also decrease from spring to summer, but the concentrations are considerably less than at Summit or aircraft observations above the boundary layer, consistent with the predicted vertical gradients.... ..."

"... In PAGE 5: ... About 500 millions diode stacks are needed. The total electric input power for both of compression and heating lasers is roughly estimated at 156 MW including a cooler system in Table1 . The overall electrical-optical efficiency is as high as 12%.... ..."

"... In PAGE 10: ... Thus, for a given SNP speci cation, the smaller the R-squared of the regressions, the better the SNP model approximates the true density. In Table1 we present the maximum likelihood surface for three key models: (1) the basic ARCH(1) model, which is SNP(11100); (2) the ARCH model with many lags in the variance (given by SNP(1h100), which has 17 lags in the variance) to approx- imate the GARCH(1,1) speci cation; and (3) the preferred model from our selection procedure, which is SNP(1c121). The preferred model is a general nonlinear process with heterogeneous innovations.... In PAGE 10: ...ith 816 observations for each of three series implying a saturation ratio of 26.3.9 Table 1 indicates that the preferred model performs substantially better than the other two models according to all three model selection criteria. (Insert Table1 here.) The superior performance of the preferred model in matching the data is also re-... ..."

"... In PAGE 11: ... However, the combined model gives a large improvement over the specular model and the predictions are still usable. For the rest of the landmines and the sand background the model parameters and the root mean square (RMS) error is given in Table1 . The RMS error of both the specular model and the combined model is lower for the calculated blackbody radiance (i.... ..."

"... In PAGE 67: ...10. 4 Washington State Air Toxic Sources and Emission Estimation Methods Table1 . Summary of Non-Methane Organic Compounds Found In Landfill Gas (U.... In PAGE 71: ...11. 2 Washington State Air Toxic Sources and Emission Estimation Methods Table1 lists some of the available models for estimating emissions from wastewater treatment facilities. Based on the influent VOC testing by Ecology apos;s Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Section, chloroform (CHCl 3 ) is the major pollutant of concern from the treatment process.... In PAGE 97: ... There are many cleaning processes available including low pressure and high pressure sprays, power washers, immersion cleaning, wiping and vapor degreasing. This category potentially includes over 6800 facilities, and fall into a wide range of SIC codes as shown in Table1 . This number is an estimate based on a 1992 Department of Employment Security publication.... In PAGE 97: ... This number is an estimate based on a 1992 Department of Employment Security publication. Table1 . Number of Facilities That May Engage in Solvent Cleaning by SIC in Washington State 1 SIC Code Industry Classification Number 3471 Electroplating, polishing, anodizing and coloring 46 7629 Electrical and electronic repair shops 236 3479 Coating, engraving and allied services 37 3993 Signs and advertising displays 65 3498 Fabricated pipe and pipe fittings 10 3441 Fabricated structural metal 60 7500 Automotive repair and refinishing 3382 2500 Furniture and fixtures 218 3900 Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries 374 3600 Electronic Equipment 303 3700 Transportation Equipment 645 3800 Instruments and related products 249 3500 Industrial Machinery and Computer Equipment 856 Estimated total number of facilities 6855 Table 2 contains information about the most commonly used cleaning compounds that also present adverse impacts on air quality.... In PAGE 100: ... Transfer efficiency differs with spray-coating technique and equipment. Table1 summarizes... In PAGE 101: ...18. 2 Washington State Air Toxic Sources and Emission Estimation Methods Table1 : Spraying Techniques used in Surface Coating Technique Description Advantages Disadvantages Transfer Efficiency Compressed air atomization Conventional: 50 to 100 psi Fine finish Lowest transfer efficiency. Poor application in recesses and cavities.... In PAGE 128: ...20. 4 Washington State Air Toxic Sources and Emission Estimation Methods Table1 . 1995 Woodstove/Fireplace Estimated Emissions Pollutant Group Toxic Name Tons Per Year Criteria CO 262,143 Criteria VOC 43,911 Criteria PM10 35,336 Organic Methane 6,123 Organic Ethylene 4,077 Criteria NOx 3,232 Organic Benzene 1,755 Organic Ethane 1,366 Organic Propene 1,099 Organic Butenes 1,055 Organic Acetylene 980 Organic Toluene 657 Organic 2 -Methyl furan 540 Organic Pentenes 516 Criteria SO2 497 Aldehydes Aldehydes 416 Organic Furfural 411 Organic Propane 309 Organic Furan 292 PAH Naphthalene 275 Organic Methyl ethyl ketone 242 Organic o - xylene 187 PAH Acenaphthylene 184 PAH Phenanthrene 142 Organic 2,5 -Dimethyl furan 131 Organic N -butane 47 Organic i -butane 24 PAH Fluorene 23 PAH Pyrene 22 PAH Benzo(a)anthracene 19 PAH Fluoranthene 19 PAH Anthracene 14 PAH Chrysene 12 PAH Acenaphthene 10 PAH Benzo(e)pyrene 10 PAH Benzo(b) fluoranthene 6 PAH Benzo( g,h,i)perylene 6 PAH Benzo(a)pyrene 5 PAH 1 -Methylphenanthrene 4 PAH Benzo( g,h,i) fluoranthene 4 PAH Biphenyl 3 PAH Indeno(1,2,3,cd)pyrene 3 PAH Benzo k) fluoranthene 2 PAH 7,12 -Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene 1 PAH 9 -Methylanthracene 1 PAH Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene... ..."

"... In PAGE 8: ... We used various test objects4 such as chess pieces, mechanical parts, aircrafts, and models of animals. Table1 summarizes the complexities of these environments, where #(V ) denotes the number of vertices and #(T) denotes the number of triangles. The third group of environments was generated from data on real-world terrains.... In PAGE 8: ... These elevation arrays were afterwards converted into triangulated surfaces by means of a straightforward triangulation of the data points. Table1 lists the terrains used for our tests. These three groups of environments were tested with six ying objects of various complexities, as listed in Table 2.... In PAGE 9: ... Fortunately, this bound was not realized in any of our tests. Rather, we obtained an experimental bound of 6:5n tetrahedra for a Delaunay triangulation of n vertices of (sets of) real-world objects; see Table1 (where the number of tetrahedra is denoted by #(M)) and Fig. 3.... In PAGE 9: ... Roughly, for meshes consisting of 50K to 250K tetrahedra, the average stabbing number was 55, with 30 being the minimum and 100 being the maximum among our tests. See column \#(stab) quot; of Table1 and Fig. 4.... ..."

"... In PAGE 7: ... Table3 gives the chi-squared goodness-of-fit statistics for an ACE model with sex diC128erences in genetic and environmental influences, for a CE model without genetic influences and for an AE model, that leaves out shared environmental influences. As can be seen from the increase in w2, it was not possible to account for the pattern of twin correlations by the influences of a shared family environment.... ..."