their importance by Materials for an exploratory theory of the network society 15 absorbing more information and processing it more ef ciently. If they decline in their performance, other nodes take over their tasks. Thus, the relevance, and relative weight of nodes does not come from their speci c features

, my diagnosis is that the mistake at work here is starting with the notion of a cognitive process and then trying to spell out what it is for these processes to be integrated with a "subject". We can make greater progress if we start with the notion of a cognitive system, and explain what

paradigms that robustly differentiate insomniacs from well-sleeping subjects. We hypothesized that the decline in performance that typically occurs with an increasing cognitive demand would provide a more sensitive measure than performance on a single task version. The hypothesis was tested, first

Abstract: We sought to establish the effects on cognitive performance and autonomic arousal of a multi-electrode transcutaneous electrical sensory stimulator compared with single-electrode stimulation. Progressing from a feasibility study (n = 10) to a repeated-measures, within-subject study (n

call the first type of cues "anchors" (Tversky and Kahneman, 1974) because they mentioned an arbitrary savings increase amount while trying to sound maximally uninformative. Psychologists have long known that the presentation of arbitrary numbers-or anchors-can shift subjects' judgments

of depressive conditions.2329 This overlap has prompted some to advocate for revision of diagnostic criteria and self-report items that are confounded by the physical sequelae of acute SCI? Sleep disturbance, disruptions in weight and appetite, and dramatic fluctuations in energy level and activity have been

in their school. Indeed, instruction enriched by outside resources such as visiting artists, musicians, dancers, and actors leads to an excitement about learning that appears to motivate the transfer of certain cognitive capacities to other subjects (Fineberg, 1991). Similarly, it has been noted that the arts

of the spectrum by legacy sys-tems. Cognitive radio exhibits a tremendous promise for increasing the spectral efficiency for future wireless systems. Ideally, new secondary users would have a perfect panorama of the spectrum usage, and would opportunistically communicate over the available re-sources without

This report focuses on the evidence about the health.consequences of smoking for women, and is intended to serve.the public health and medical communities as 'a unified source of existing scientific research. The major issues about tobacco use and women's health are examined, including trends in consumption, biomedical evidence, and determinants of smoking ititiation, maintenance, and cessation. The biomedical aspects ofsmoking are presented in terms of mortality, morbiplity, cardiovasculaidiseases, cancer, pregnancy and infant,health,, Teptic ulcer disease, drug reactions and, interactions, food constituents, and responses to,diagnostic tests. The psychosocial and behavioraj. aspects, of smoking in women are discussed, along with the docffiented increases in- the risk of contracting lung cancer, heart,disease, or lung disease. The harmful effects of pregnant mothers smoking behaviors, are also docudented. Adhitionally, recent data are enumerated to indicate a trend of,decreasing tobacco usage among women in response to the warnings of the gavernMent, voluntary agencie, and physicrins. (Author /NRB)' DOCUMENT RESUME cc 015 465

Environments As a further test to discriminate anxiety from learning, we performed a set of tests that measure reactions to novel objects in an independent cohort of male and female mice that were na€ ıve to behavioral testing. In a one-trial object recognition task, each Latency to fall from an accelerating