Abstract. Retinal laser photocoagulation has been used for a decade, but no real improvement in results has been observed.The simulator described in this paper, by separating actual practice from apprenticeship, allows one both to learn how to manipulate the equipment and to train oneself

• Depending on disease evolution.

/L) levels at 3 months ' follow-up but still significantly higher than healthy controls. ·CONCLUSION:Patients with PDR demonstrate elevated VEGF, ET-1 and NO, which decrease after successful laser treatment. · KEYWORDS: diabetic retinopathy; microangiopathy; pan-retinal photocoagulation; vascular

PURPOSE. To systematically assess the changes in retinal mor-phology during the healing of retinal photocoagulation lesions of various clinical grades. METHODS. Rabbits were irradiated with a 532-nm Nd:YAG laser with a beam diameter of 330 m at the retinal surface, a power of 175 mW, and pulse

Real-time temperature determination

Background: Transscleral retinal photocoagulation with a diode laser is used in glaucoma refractory to medical and surgical treatment. Our main research question was how the technique performed in large vascular lesions associated with hemangiomas of the retina and choroid. Methodology

Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness among people of working age and can be classified as nonproliferative and proliferative retinopathy. Diabetes affects the retina because chronic high blood sugar (glucose) levels make the walls of small blood vessels thicker but weaker

photocoagulation for retinal angiomatous proliferation

of the photocoagulating beam; in the second article problems related to the observation system will be discussed; the third will describe the physical nature and properties of the laser beam; and in the fourth a detailed solution will be presented for the use of a laser beam in photocoagulation. (1) BASIc REQu

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