Abstract. Many research efforts in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have focused on replacing rather than augmenting and empowering human beings. We have developed human-computer collaboration environments to demonstrate the power and the possibilities of Intelligence Augmentation CIA) with human-centered

(e.g., creating Lego Logo machines by following steps in a manual). With new technologies, student-generated collages and reproductions appear more inventive and sophisticated-with impressive displays of sound, video, and typography-but from a cognitive perspective, it is not clear what, if any

. In the concluding section, we present our view on: the driving force of the field, the heritage from computer vision, the influence on computer vision, the role of similarity and of interaction, the need for databases, the problem of evaluation, and the role of the semantic gap.

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Since 1973 technological, political, regulatory, and economic forces have been changing the worldwide economy in a fashion comparable to the changes experienced during the nineteenth century Industrial Revolution. As in the nineteenth century, we are experiencing declining costs, increaing average (but decreasing marginal) productivity of labor, reduced growth rates of labor income, excess capacity, and the requirement for downsizing and exit. The last two decades indicate corporate internal control systems have failed to deal effectively with these changes, especially slow growth and the requirement for exit. The next several decades pose a major challenge for Western firms and political systems as these forces continue to work their way through the worldwide economy.

Marketing inherited a model of exchange from economics, which had a dominant logic based on the exchange of “goods, ” which usually are manufactured output. The dominant logic focused on tangible resources, embedded value, and transactions. Over the past several decades, new perspectives have

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, temporal, and psychological aspects of everyday life. Whereas similar large-scale semantic knowledgebases like Cyc and WordNet are carefully handcrafted, ConceptNet is generated automatically from the 700,000 sentences of the Open Mind Common Sense Project -- a World Wide Web based collaboration with over

Human-in-the-loop computing has its limits. What must we do differently to prepare for the networking of thousands of embedded processors per person? And how do we move from human-centered to human-supervised computing? For the past 40 years, most of the IT research community has focused

Human-computer interaction has refocused many research efforts within computer science from a technologycentered view to a user-centered view. Work-centered design transcends user-centered design by acknowledging that not only are most people novice or generic users of computer systems, but skilled