on purely discrete state spaces only. In particular, various classes of hybrid automata induce finitary trace equivalence (or similarity, or bisimilarity) relations on an uncountable state space, thus permitting the application of various model-checking techniques that were originally developed for finite

. In this paper classical matrix perturbation theory is approached from a probabilistic point of view. The perturbed quantity is approximated by a first-order perturbation expansion, in which the perturbation is assumed to be random. This permits the computation of statistics estimating the variation in the perturbed quantity. Up to the higher-order terms that are ignored in the expansion, these statistics tend to be more realistic than perturbation bounds obtained in terms of norms. The technique is applied to a number of problems in matrix perturbation theory, including least squares and the eigenvalue problem. Key words. perturbation theory, random matrix, linear system, least squares, eigenvalue, eigenvector, invariant subspace, singular value AMS(MOS) subject classifications. 15A06, 15A12, 15A18, 15A52, 15A60 1. Introduction. Let A be a matrix and let F be a matrix valued function of A. Two principal problems of matrix perturbation theory are the following. Given a matrix E, pr...

This paper examines the structure of option valuation problems and develops a new technique for their solution. It also introduces several jump and diffusion processes which have nol been used in previous models. The technique is applied lo these processes to find explicit option valuation formulas, and solutions to some previously unsolved problems involving the pricing ofsecurities with payouts and potential bankruptcy. 1.

in control theory, except — as the subtitle has warned us — those involving stochastic processes or infinite-dimensional systems. The level is appropriate for a senior

Abstract not found

Abstract not found

We describe finite-state programs over real-numbered time in a guarded-command language with real-valued clocks or, equivalently, as finite automata with real-valued clocks. Model checking answers the question which states of a real-time program satisfy a branching-time specification (given

A constraint that actions can depend on observations only through a communication channel with finite Shannon capacity is shown to be able to play a role very similar to that of a signal extraction problem or an adjustment cost in standard control problems. The resulting theory looks enough like

that is independent of insider activity. The serial correlation of transaction price dif-ferences is a function of the proportion of the spread due to adverse selection. A bid-ask spread implies a divergence between observed returns and realizable returns. Observed returns are approximately realizable returns plus

The finite mixture (FM) model is the most commonly used model for statistical segmentation of brain magnetic resonance (MR) images because of its simple mathematical form and the piecewise constant nature of ideal brain MR images. However, being a histogram-based model, the FM has an intrinsic