sites, even for four sequences. Nevertheless, for four sequences, MP will be consistent when applied to pairs of sites if and only if it is statistically consistent on the original single site data. Formally we have: THEOREM 3A. For four sequences and any i.i.d. model of sequence evolution, MP

lecture approach is inadequate. Active learning is much more effective. Fundamental reasoning difficulties limit students' understanding. Simple steps help overcome these. Misconceptions typically persist unless directly addressed with a conceptual-change approach. Evolution is a complex set of ideas

First, I would like to thank to Dimka Karastoyanova and Mariano Cilia for all the fruitful discussions, their guidance and support through the course of this project. Thanks also to Prof. Alejandro Buchmann who sponsored my stay at Technische Universität Darmstadt during the spring of 2004. The special thanks go to my advisor, Mariano Cilia, who has made all this possible. Finally, I’d like to thank to my family for all these years of support.

, and several positive test cases that encode the required behavior of the program. The C program is represented as an abstract syntax tree (AST), in which each node corresponds to an executable statement or control-flow structure in the program. With these inputs in hand, a modified version of GP evolves a

Abstract Supporting database schema evolution repre-sents a long-standing challenge of practical and theoretical importance for modern information systems. In this paper, we describe techniques and systems for automating the critical tasks of migrating the database and rewriting the legacy

In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for a Postgraduate degree

Abstract—Architecting software systems according to the serviceoriented paradigm, and designing runtime self-adaptable systems are two relevant research areas in today’s software engineering. In this paper we address issues that lie at the intersection of these two important fields. First, we present a characterization of the problem space of self-adaptation for service-oriented systems, thus providing a frame of reference where our and other approaches can be classified. Then, we present MOSES, a methodology and a software tool implementing it to support QoS-driven adaptation of a service-oriented system. It works in a specific region of the identified problem space, corresponding to the scenario where a service-oriented system architected as a composite service needs to sustain a traffic of requests generated by several users. MOSES integrates within a unified framework different adaptation mechanisms. In this way it achieves a greater flexibility in facing various operating environments and the possibly conflicting QoS requirements of several concurrent users. Experimental results obtained with a prototype implementation of MOSES show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Index Terms—Service-oriented architecture, runtime adaptation, quality of service.

Fuzzy logic has been successfully applied in various fields. However, as fuzzy controllers increase in size and complexity, the number of control rules increases exponentially and real-time behavior becomes more difficult. This thesis introduces an any-time fuzzy controller. Much work has been done

A particularly important sector for the stability of financial systems is the banking sector. Banks play a central role in the money creation process and in the payment system. Moreover, bank credit is an important factor in the financing of investment and growth. Faltering banking systems have

www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/19/3667/2015/ doi:10.5194/hess-19-3667-2015