into use, just by inserting a card and entering the PIN code. This thesis presents also a public key based authentication between a mobile node and a home agent in Mobile IPv4. In the solution, both the mobile node and the home agent

Optimising the visual appearance of a virtual reality simulation by using modern graphics

which is an efficient tool in many fields like surveillance and tracking is used to find the distance travelled by the user. The smart card can be used by the user for entering and leaving the bus. Depending on the distance travelled, the money which has been paid in advance will be deducted from

cards have been in widespread use. The records of the bus smart card data are more than 38 million a month, and can represent the travel behavior of people. In this study, system of the bus smart card data collection in Japan is introduced, and the enormous bus smart card data is visualized for grasping

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The potential impact of smart cards is examined in the context of a stan-dard model of direct and indirect taxation. The distinction between the two types of tax is made in terms of the information required to implement them. Electronic cards in general are understood as devices for enriching

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This document introduces both smart cards and PC cards and covers some of their relevant applications to information security. This includes their use in access control, as portable secure storage for cryptographic keys and for computing cryptographic functions. The aim of this document

. This is especially true for Beijing’s AFC system, where a passenger’s boarding stop (origin) on a flat-rate bus is not recorded on the check-in scan. To extract passengers ’ origin data from recorded SC transaction information, a Markov chain based Bayesian decision tree algorithm is developed in this study. Using

cryptographic keys and other sensitive data. In practice, smart cards are used for applications like digitally signing documents,