The rapid growth of the World-Wide Web poses unprecedented scaling challenges for general-purpose crawlers and search engines. In this paper we describe a new hypertext resource discovery system called a Focused Crawler. The goal of a focused crawler is to selectively seek out pages

This paper describes a technique for making personalized recommendations from any type of database to a user based on similarities between the interest profile of that user and those of other users. In particular, we discuss the implementation of a networked system called Ringo, which makes

this article. 0738-4602/92/$4.00 1992 AAAI 58 AI MAGAZINE for the 1990s (Silberschatz, Stonebraker, and Ullman 1990)

will clarify my concerns with the continuing enthusiasm but misunderstood embrace of GT by QDA methodologists and serve as a preliminary guide to novice researchers who wish to explore the fundamental principles of GT. Key words: grounded theory, qualitative data analysis, constant comparative method

Online reputation mechanisms are emerging as a promising alternative to more traditional trust building mechanisms, such as branding and formal contracting, in settings where the latter may be ineffective or prohibitively expensive; a lot of electronic trading communities fall under these categories. Although a number of commercial websites already employ various forms of reputation mechanisms, rigorous research into their properties is still in its infancy. This fledgling field can benefit from past results in economics and game theory. Moreover, in order to translate the stylized results of game theory into concrete managerial guidance for implementing and participating in effective reputation mechanisms further advances are needed in a number of important areas: First, the design space of such mechanisms needs to be scoped and the effects of different design choices on performance need to be better understood. Second, the economic efficiency of various classes of reputation mechanisms needs to be quantified and compared to that of alternative mechanisms for building trust. Third, the robustness of those mechanisms against boundedly rational players, noisy ratings and strategic manipulation needs to be studied and improved. This paper surveys past results that have been derived in a variety of contexts, but which are relevant as a basis for building online reputation systems, presents two analytical models that illustrate the role of such systems in electronic markets and identifies opportunities for further MS/OR research in this fascinating area.

■ Data mining and knowledge discovery in databases have been attracting a significant amount of research, industry, and media attention of late. What is all the excitement about? This article provides an overview of this emerging field, clarifying how data mining and knowledge discovery

Classic IR (information retrieval) is inherently predicated on users searching for information, the socalled "information need". But the need behind a web search is often not informational -- it might be navigational (give me the url of the site I want to reach) or transactional (show me

this paper we introduce a system called Crowds for protecting users' anonymity on the worldwide -web. Crowds, named for the notion of "blending into a crowd", operates by grouping users into a large and geographically diverse group (crowd) that collectively issues requests on behalf

We seek to build a large collection of images with ground truth labels to be used for object detection and recognition research. Such data is useful for supervised learning and quantitative evaluation. To achieve this, we developed a web-based tool that allows easy image annotation and instant

The World Wide Web has succeeded in large part because its software architecture has been designed to meet the needs of an Internet-scale distributed hypermedia system. The modern Web architecture emphasizes scalability of component interactions, generality of interfaces, independent deployment