. That is, we replaced the reference to >.� ) in and similarly for 11"�) in Equation 3, where 0 :::; J.l :::; 1 is the momentum term. It is easy to show that if the modified system of equations converges to a fixed point F, then F is also a fixed point of the original system (since if>.� ) = >

is determined by computing its expected (under the risk-neutral measure) future cash flows discounted at the risk-free rate. As the credit spread CS(t) is uniquely defined through: (1) the price of a debt claim, (2) this debt claim's contractual cash flows, and (3) the (appropriate) risk-free rate, we can

Abstract not found

of others and depart from the standard model of the rational economic agent in other ways. If people display bounded rationality when it comes to maximizing utility, then their choices do not necessarily reflect their "true" preferences, and an exclusive reliance on choices to infer what people

. We know that the same animal will salivate also when it hears a bell that has repeatedly sounded a few seconds before the sausage appears, as if the bell induced the well-known, pleasant anticipation of the desired sausage. Changing slightly the scenery, imagine you are in Cambridge, walk down Mill

candidate repair that avoids failing the negative test case while still passing the positive ones. We then use structural differencing 1 and delta debugging 25 techniques to minimize the size of the repair, providing a compact human-readable patch. A significant impediment for an evolutionary algorithm like

in community assembly. What do we really know about dispersal? Dispersal (see Glossary) is a fundamental process in population biology, ecology, and evolution Darwin Many areas of ecology and evolutionary biology would benefit from better empirical understanding of the adaptive drivers of dispersal traits

Abstract. We propose building neutral networks in needle-in-haystack fitness landscapes to assist an evolutionary algorithm to perform search. The experimental results on four different problems show that this approach improves the search success rates in most cases. In situations where neutral

/Navigator for various experiments. Keywords: path planning and navigation, evolutionary algorithm, problem-specific knowledge 1 Introduction The most challenging question considered by all problem-solving methodologies is: "for a given problem, what algorithm should be used to provide the quality results (e

treatments of evolutionary game dynamics 1 2 operate entirely in this paradigm. This is due, to a large extent, to considerations of theoretical tractability of the model. Models have been introduced that allow the agents some control over their choice of partner (3), but the control is still exerted in a