NORMAND BRISSON – Représentant du doyen de la FES iii RÉSUMÉ En dépit de l’immense quantité de phylogénies moléculaires publiées ces deux dernières décennies, la reconstruction de l’arbre des eucaryotes est loin d’être achevée. Ceci est principalement dû au faible signal phylogénétique contenu dans

The Galois Lattice of a binary relation formalizes it as a concept system, dually ordered in "extension" / "intension". All implications between conjunctions of properties holding in it are summarized by a (recursive) canonical basis -all basis having the same cardinality (see [MR #87k:08009]). We report

Before white man brought his alcohol to the South Pacific, the indigenes were using many wild plants possessing psychoactive properties. The most prominent were betel In much of Melanesia, kava In much of Polynesia, and plturl in much of Australia. The use of each of these three drugs was widespread, lnstitutionalised as a ritual and the occasion for extensive trade. Each was valued for its effect in reducing tension or in producing altered states of consciousness. Each was also capable of inducing Intoxication. Since few physicians nowadays have had my opportunity to observe the use of all three of these substances, their main features are recalled here. Attention is pald to their traditlonal use and probable future use, to their pharmacological and clinical properties, and to their place In the zeitgeist of people and period. There is no indication that these substances will be espoused by the drug enthusiasts of the West as avidly as other ethno-psychopharmacological agents such as Peruvian

Persons with trisomy 21 (T21) and Williams–Beuren syndrome (WBS) have different brain abnormalities which may affect manual laterality. We assessed 45 persons with T21 and 34 with WBS (mean age 13) and 81 typically developing children (TD). Manual laterality was assessed with a fifteen-item task administered two times, and Bishop’s card-reaching task. We found more left-handers in the T21 group compared to the other two groups. Inconsistent laterality was higher in the two groups with genetic diseases than in the TD group. For Bishop’s test, both T21 and WBS participants were less right-oriented than the TD group. They displayed different response patterns in midline crossing when reaching for the cards, but did not display more midline crossing inhibition than the TD group. Is atypical handedness linked to specific genetic syndromes and, more specifically for persons with T21, to the trisomy of some of the genes? KEY WORDS: Genetic diseases; handedness; mental retardation; trisomy 21; Williams–Beuren syndrome.

Impact of early code-skill and oral-comprehension training on

ABSTRACT: Asthma and rhinitis often coexist and share many clinical features. The extent of epithelial alteration in nasal inflammation is controversial. Cell-cell adhesion plays an important role in tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis and is mediated by the cadherin family. In human bronchial epithelial cells the authors have shown that tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a induced a significant decrease of E-cadherin and b-catenin expression. The addition of dexamethasone inhibited this decrease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of TNF-a and dexamethasone on the regulation of E-cadherin, c-catenin and b-catenin in human nasal epithelial cells (HNEC). A primary culture of HNEC, obtained from human nasal turbinates after surgery, was used. The quantitative and qualitative modulation of E-cadherin, c-catenin and b-catenin expression was assessed by Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. In order to assess the TNF-a-induced activation of HNEC, interleukin-8 and RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) release was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that TNF-a induced, a decrease in c-catenin and b-catenin expression, but had no effect on E-cadherin expression. Immunofluorescence showed that TNF-a induced cytoplasmic localisation of E-cadherin, c-catenin and b-catenin. Dexamethasone inhibited the effect of TNF-a and induced a three-fold increase in E-cadherin expression. These results suggest that the difference in nasal and bronchial epithelial cohesion may be due to the differential effect of tumour necrosis factor-a and dexamethasone on E-cadherin expression.

Abstract. Humanoid robots will increasingly interact with humans in daily life, especially in domestic situations. This document describes the physical and software configuration of our humanoid platform which is being developed in this context of human – robot cooperation. The research strategy is to use high quality commercially available robot platforms, and software for sensory-motor control, vision, and spoken language processing, in order to provide a high performance baseline system. From this baseline we then implement humanrobot cooperation capabilities inspired by contemporary results in human cognitive development research. Because much of the technology that we use is off-the-shelf it is robust, versatile and reusable.

The perspective that behavior is often driven by unconscious determinants has become widespread in social psychology. Bargh, Chen, and Burrows ’ (1996) famous study, in which participants unwittingly exposed to the stereotype of age walked slower when exiting the laboratory, was instrumental in defining this perspective. Here, we present two experiments aimed at replicating the original study. Despite the use of automated timing methods and a larger sample, our first experiment failed to show priming. Our second experiment was aimed at manipulating the beliefs of the experimenters: Half were led to think that participants would walk slower when primed congruently, and the other half was led to expect the opposite. Strikingly, we obtained a walking speed effect, but only when experimenters believed participants would indeed walk slower. This suggests that both priming and experimenters ’ expectations are instrumental in explaining the walking speed effect. Further, debriefing was suggestive of awareness of the primes. We conclude that unconscious behavioral priming is

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Peter Ladefoged, the most influential phonetician of his generation, died in London on January 24, 2006, at the age of eighty. He was returning to Los Angeles from fieldwork in India when he suffered a stroke at Heathrow airport. He was taken to Hillingdon Hospital where he suffered a subsequent massive, and fatal, stroke. Peter was born on September 17, 1925, at Sutton, Surrey (now part of Greater Lon-don), in England. His father, Niels Ladefoged, was successfully involved in the business of importing Danish cheeses and bacon to Britain in association with branches of the family in Denmark (the name Ladefoged is a Danish compound meaning ‘steward of the barn’). Peter was educated at Haileybury College, one of the more prestigious ‘public ’ (i.e. private) schools in England, and then spent a year at Caius College of Cambridge University before joining the Royal Sussex Regiment in 1944 in the final year of the second World War. After serving in Italy and Malta he was demobilized in 1947 and later resumed his academic career, this time at Edinburgh University in Scotland. Because of postwar emergency regulations, Peter was able to complete his first degree in two rather than the normal three years, obtaining an M.A. in 1951. Peter