he conspicuous sandhill crane flocks that spend the winter between Albuquerque and Bosque del Apache are one of the treasured wildlife spectacles of our state, but few New Mexicans appreciate the diversity that exists within these flocks. In fact, there are two very different breeding populations

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), combined with TRAIL, showed caused synergistic (greater than additive) killing of multiple cancer cell lines. Methods: We used mathematical modeling and ordinary differential equations to represent how LY30 and TRAIL individually affect HeLa cells, and to predict how the combined treatment achieves synergy

Motivation: Statistical validation of protein identifications is an important issue in shotgun proteomics. The false discovery rate (FDR) is a powerful statistical tool in evaluating the protein identification result. Several research efforts have been made for FDR estimation at the protein-level. However, there are still certain drawbacks in the existing FDR estimation methods based on the target-decoy strategy. Results: In this article, we propose a decoy-free protein-level FDR estimation method. Under the null hypothesis that each candidate protein matches an identified peptide totally at random, we assign statistical significance to protein identifications in terms of the permutation p-value and use these p-values to calculate the FDR. Our method consists of three key steps: (1) generating random bipartite graphs with the same structure; (2) calculating the protein scores on these random graphs and (3) calculating the permutation p-value and final FDR. Since it is very time-consuming or prohibitive to execute the protein inference algorithms for thousands of times in step 2, we first train a linear regression model using the original bipartite graph and identification scores provided by the target inference algorithm. Then we use the learned regression model as a substitute of original protein inference method to predict protein scores on shuffled graphs. We test our method on six public available data sets. The results show that our method is comparable to those state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of estimation accuracy.

In March 2008, an adult male (the victim) sustained fatal injuries when the crane boom he was disassembling buckled and crushed him. The truck-mounted lattice boom crane belonged to the owner of a construction company (the owner), who was a friend of the victim. The victim was not an employee

him deeply and fondly. His high intellectual standards, his sharp sense of cross-linguistic patterns, and his generosity in offering ideas and advice, helped me immeasurably in this work. Without his guidance, this dissertation could never be the same. To Jim Huang, whom I've become accustomed

Fuel-cooled thermal management, including endothermic cracking and reforming of hydrocarbon fuels, is an enabling technology for advanced aero engines and offers potential for cycle improvements and pollutant emissions control. The principal engine operability issue that will affect this enabling hydrocarbon fuel cooling technology is coke formation and deposition. Furthermore, the extent to which the benefits of high heat sink cooling technology can be realized is directly related to our ability to suppress coke formation and deposition. The successful implementation of this enabling technology is, therefore, predicated on coke suppression. In situ continuous coke deposit removal by catalytic steam gasification is being developed and successfully demonstrated as a means for suppressing pyrolytic coke deposit in fuel-cooled thermal management systems for advanced aero engines. The objective of this research is to investigate the in situ continuous coke deposit removal by catalytic steam gasification for suppressing pyrolytic coke deposition using a single-tube reactor simulator under representative hypersonic operating conditions. A coke removal system removes coke deposit from the walls of a high temperature passage in which hydrocarbon fuel is present. The system includes a carbonsteam gasification catalyst and a water source. The carbon-steam gasification catalyst is applied to the walls of the high temperature passage. The water reacts with the coke deposit on the walls of the fuel passage side to remove the coke deposit from the walls by carbon-steam gasification in the presence of the carbon-steam gasification catalyst. Experimental data shows the in situ continuous coke deposit removal by catalytic steam gasification is able to reduce coke deposit rate by more than ten times.

During germ cell and early embryonic development— the most sensitive and vulnerable period of epigenetic reprogramming—exposure to an adverse environment leads to abnormal methylation and, possibly, long-term health problems. DNA methylation, a major epigenetic mechanism for gene silencing, is recognized to be re-sponsible for the stability of gene expression status. The majority of cytosine-phosphate-guanine sites (CpGs) in mammalian genomes are methylated. DNA methyltransfer-ase (Dnmt) 3A and 3B are essential for de novo methyla-tion, and Dnmt1 maintains methylation patterns during cell division (1). Establishment and maintenance of cell type–specific DNA methylation patterns are dependent on both methylation and demethylation. DNA demethyla-tion is the process of the removal of a methyl group from

. Approxi-mately five months prior to presentation, he began using a dietary supplement, Hydroxycut, intended for weight loss, which he dis-continued because of satisfactory weight loss six weeks before

Using a human cell-free extract, we have recently shown that thymine dimers are removed from DNA in oligonucleotides 27-29 nucleotides in length (Huang,