Results 1 - 10 of 2,267

Intelligence Without Representation

by Rodney Brooks - Artificial Intelligence , 1991
"... Artificial intelligence research has foundered on the issue of representation. When intelligence is approached in an incremental manner, with strict reliance on interfacing to the real world through perception and action, reliance on representation disappears. In this paper we outline our approach t ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1798 (13 self) - Add to MetaCart
Artificial intelligence research has foundered on the issue of representation. When intelligence is approached in an incremental manner, with strict reliance on interfacing to the real world through perception and action, reliance on representation disappears. In this paper we outline our approach

On the Difference between Updating a Knowledge Base and Revising it

by Hirofumi Katsuno, Alberto O. Mendelzon
"... this paper, we argue that no such set of postulates will be adequate for every application. In particular, we make a fundamental distinction between two kinds of modifications to a knowledge base. The first one, update, consists of bringing the knowledge base up to date when the world described by i ..."
Abstract - Cited by 473 (8 self) - Add to MetaCart
by it changes. For example, most database updates are of this variety, e.g. "increase Joe's salary by 5%". Another example is the incorporation into the knowledge base of changes caused in the world by the actions of a robot (Ginsberg and Smith 1987, Winslett 1988, Winslett 1990) . We show

Propagation of Trust and Distrust

by R. Guha, Ravi Kumar, Prabhakar Raghavan, Andrew Tomkins , 2004
"... A network of people connected by directed ratings or trust scores, and a model for propagating those trust scores, is a fundamental building block in many of today's most successful e-commerce and recommendation systems. In eBay, such a model of trust has significant influence on the price an i ..."
Abstract - Cited by 439 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
A network of people connected by directed ratings or trust scores, and a model for propagating those trust scores, is a fundamental building block in many of today's most successful e-commerce and recommendation systems. In eBay, such a model of trust has significant influence on the price

Is imitation learning the route to humanoid robots?

by Stefan Schaal - TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES , 1999
"... This review investigates two recent developments in artificial intelligence and neural computation: learning from imitation and the development of humanoid robots. It is postulated that the study of imitation learning offers a promising route to gain new insights into mechanisms of perceptual motor ..."
Abstract - Cited by 308 (18 self) - Add to MetaCart
control that could ultimately lead to the creation of autonomous humanoid robots. Imitation learning focuses on three important issues: efficient motor learning, the connection between action and perception, and modular motor control in the form of movement primitives. It is reviewed here how research

New Approaches to Robotics

by Rodney A. Brooks - Science , 1991
"... In order to build autonomous robots that can carry out useful work in unstructured environments new approaches have been developed to building intelligent systems. The relationship to traditional academic robotics and traditional artificial intelligence is examined. In the new approaches a tight cou ..."
Abstract - Cited by 200 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
In order to build autonomous robots that can carry out useful work in unstructured environments new approaches have been developed to building intelligent systems. The relationship to traditional academic robotics and traditional artificial intelligence is examined. In the new approaches a tight

Reinforcement Learning with Perceptual Aliasing: The Perceptual Distinctions Approach

by Lonnie Chrisman - In Proceedings of the Tenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence , 1992
"... It is known that Perceptual Aliasing may significantly diminish the effectiveness of reinforcement learning algorithms [ Whitehead and Ballard, 1991 ] . Perceptual aliasing occurs when multiple situations that are indistinguishable from immediate perceptual input require different responses from the ..."
Abstract - Cited by 217 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
the system. For example, if a robot can only see forward, yet the presence of a battery charger behind it determines whether or not it should backup, immediate perception alone is insufficient for determining the most appropriate action. It is problematic since reinforcement algorithms typically learn a

Sensory-Motor Primitives as a Basis for Imitation: Linking Perception to Action and Biology to Robotics

by Maja J. Mataric - Imitation in Animals and Artifacts , 2000
"... ing away from the specific coding of the spinal fields, the examples from neurobiology provide the framework for a motor control system based on a small number of additive primitives (or basis behaviors) sufficient for a rich output movement repertoire. Our previous work (Matari'c 1995, Matari& ..."
Abstract - Cited by 91 (18 self) - Add to MetaCart
'c 1997), inspired by the same biological results, has successfully applied the idea of basis behaviors to control of mobile robots 6 by fitting it directly into the modular behavior-based control paradigm. Applictions of schema theory (Arbib 1992) to behavior-based mobile robots (Arkin 1987) have

Technology affordances

by W. Gaver - In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems; ACM , 1991
"... gaver.europarc @ rx.xerox.com Ecological approaches to psychology suggest succinct accounts ofeasily-used artifacts. Affordances are properties of the world that are compatible with and relevant for people’s interactions. When affordances are perceptible, they offer a direct link between perception ..."
Abstract - Cited by 202 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
gaver.europarc @ rx.xerox.com Ecological approaches to psychology suggest succinct accounts ofeasily-used artifacts. Affordances are properties of the world that are compatible with and relevant for people’s interactions. When affordances are perceptible, they offer a direct link between perception

Psychology and neurobiology of simple decisions

by Philip L Smith , Roger Ratcliff - Trends Neurosci , 2004
"... Patterns of neural firing linked to eye movement decisions show that behavioral decisions are predicted by the differential firing rates of cells coding selected and nonselected stimulus alternatives. These results can be interpreted using models developed in mathematical psychology to model behavi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 213 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
in translating perception and cognition into action. This translation brings encoded stimulus information into contact with the behavioral intention of the decision maker to produce a goal-directed act. Psychology has a long history of decision-making research that has resulted in detailed mathematical models

Event files: Feature binding in and across perception and action

by Bernhard Hommel - Trends in Cognitive Sciences , 2004
"... The primate brain codes perceived events in a distributed fashion, which raises the question of how the codes referring to the same event are related to each other. Recent findings suggest that they are integrated into ‘object files’, episodic bindings of object-related information. However, the pro ..."
Abstract - Cited by 135 (48 self) - Add to MetaCart
, the problem of integrating distributed codes is not restricted to perception but applies to action planning and sensorimotor processing as well. Here I argue that the brain addresses these problems by creating multi-layered networks of bindings – ‘event files ’ – that temporarily link codes of perceptual
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