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2 Function in the human connectome: Task-fMRI and individual differences in behavior

by Q Deanna, M. Barch, Gregory C. Burgess D, Michael P. Harms B, Steven E. Petersen A
"... ..."
Abstract - Cited by 6 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract not found

Storage and executive processes in the frontal lobes.

by Edward E Smith , John Jonides - Science, , 1999
"... The human frontal cortex helps mediate working memory, a system that is used for temporary storage and manipulation of information and that is involved in many higher cognitive functions. Working memory includes two components: short-term storage (on the order of seconds) and executive processes th ..."
Abstract - Cited by 401 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
of these two components of working memory. We consider experiments that have used positron emission tomography (PET) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to image participants while they engage in cognitive tasks that are designed to reveal processes of interest, such as tasks that isolate short

Developments in the Measurement of Subjective Well-Being

by Daniel Kahneman , Alan B Krueger - Psychological Science. , 1993
"... F or good reasons, economists have had a long-standing preference for studying peoples' revealed preferences; that is, looking at individuals' actual choices and decisions rather than their stated intentions or subjective reports of likes and dislikes. Yet people often make choices that b ..."
Abstract - Cited by 284 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
individuals' responses to subjective well-being questions vary with their circumstances and other factors. We will argue that it is fruitful to distinguish among different conceptions of utility rather than presume to measure a single, unifying concept that motivates all human choices and registers all

Behavioral theories and the neurophysiology of reward,

by Wolfram Schultz - Annu. Rev. Psychol. , 2006
"... ■ Abstract The functions of rewards are based primarily on their effects on behavior and are less directly governed by the physics and chemistry of input events as in sensory systems. Therefore, the investigation of neural mechanisms underlying reward functions requires behavioral theories that can ..."
Abstract - Cited by 187 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
that can conceptualize the different effects of rewards on behavior. The scientific investigation of behavioral processes by animal learning theory and economic utility theory has produced a theoretical framework that can help to elucidate the neural correlates for reward functions in learning, goal

Mapping the Voxel-Wise Effective Connectome in Resting State fMRI

by Guo-rong Wu, Sebastiano Stramaglia, Huafu Chen, Wei Liao, Daniele Marinazzo
"... A network approach to brain and dynamics opens new perspectives towards understanding of its function. The functional connectivity from functional MRI recordings in humans is widely explored at large scale, and recently also at the voxel level. The networks of dynamical directed connections are far ..."
Abstract - Cited by 2 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
individual voxels in fMRI. We for the first time depicted the voxel-wise hubs of incoming and outgoing information, called Granger causality density (GCD), as a complement to previous repertoire of functional and anatomical connectomes. Analogies with these networks have been presented in most part

Automatically parcellating the human cerebral cortex.

by Bruce Fischl , André Van Der Kouwe , Christophe Destrieux , Eric Halgren , Florent Ségonne , David H Salat , Evelina Busa , Larry J Seidman , Jill Goldstein , David Kennedy , Verne Caviness , Nikos Makris , Bruce Rosen , Anders M Dale , Bruce Fischl - Cereb. Cortex , 2004
"... Abstract -We present a technique for automatically assigning a neuroanatomical label to each location on a cortical surface model based on probabilistic information estimated from Introduction Techniques for labeling geometric features of the cerebral cortex are useful for analyzing a variety of fu ..."
Abstract - Cited by 189 (14 self) - Add to MetaCart
of functional and structural neuroimaging data Unfortunately, despite their potential utility, cortical parcellations are not commonly used in the neuroimaging community due to the difficult and time-consuming nature of the task of manually parcellating the entire cortex from high-resolution MRI images. While

Neural mechanisms of general fluid intelligence.

by Jeremy R Gray , Christopher F Chabris , Todd S Braver - Nature Neuroscience, , 2003
"... Understanding how and why people differ is a fundamental, if distant, goal of research efforts to bridge psychological and biological levels of analysis 1 . Individual differences are of wide practical importance and provide an opportunity to test theories of mental function at a finer level of det ..."
Abstract - Cited by 149 (14 self) - Add to MetaCart
of detail than group-based studies. General fluid intelligence (gF) is a major dimension of individual differences and refers to reasoning and novel problem-solving ability 2 . A conceptual integration of evidence from cognitive (behavioral) and anatomical studies suggests that gF should covary with both

Self-determination and persistence in a real-life setting: Toward a motivational model of high school dropout.

by Robert J Vallerand , Michelle S Fbrtier , Frederic Guay - Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, , 1997
"... The purpose of this study was to propose and test a motivational model of high school dropout. The model posits that teachers, parents, and the school administration's behaviors toward students influence students' perceptions of competence and autonomy. The less autonomy supportive the so ..."
Abstract - Cited by 183 (19 self) - Add to MetaCart
, no differences were found between the two types on external regulation. The means and standard deviations of the motivational subscales as a function of type of student appear in With respect to behavioral intentions, 4 results revealed a main effect for type of student, F(l, 4521) = 213.06, p < .0001

Neural circuits involved in the recognition of actions performed by nonconspecifics: An fMRI study.

by Giovanni Buccino , Fausta Lui , Nicola Canessa , Ilaria Patteri , Giovanna Lagravinese , Francesca Benuzzi , Carlo A Porro , Giacomo Rizzolatti - Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, , 2004
"... Abstract & Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess the cortical areas active during the observation of mouth actions performed by humans and by individuals belonging to other species (monkey and dog). Two types of actions were presented: biting and oral communicative actions (s ..."
Abstract - Cited by 116 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract & Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess the cortical areas active during the observation of mouth actions performed by humans and by individuals belonging to other species (monkey and dog). Two types of actions were presented: biting and oral communicative actions

Continuity and discontinuity of behavioral inhibition and exuberance: Psychophysiological and behavioral influences across the first four years of life.

by Nathan A Fox , Heather A Henderson , Kenneth H Rubin , Susan D Calkins , Louis A Schmidt Fox , N Henderson , H Rubin , K Calkins , S D &amp; Schmidt , L - Child Development, , 2001
"... Abstract: Four-month-old infants were screened (N = 433) for temperamental patterns thought to predict behavioral inhibition, including motor reactivity and the expression of negative affect. Those selected (N = 153) were assessed at multiple age points across the first 4 years of life for behavior ..."
Abstract - Cited by 124 (47 self) - Add to MetaCart
that characterizes developmental change in behavioral inhibition. The term behavioral inhibition is used to describe temperamental differences in infants' and young children's initial reactions to a range of novel stimuli including people, objects, contexts, and challenging situations Fox and Rubin have
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