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Formalising trust as a computational concept

by Stephen Paul Marsh , 1994
"... Trust is a judgement of unquestionable utility — as humans we use it every day of our lives. However, trust has suffered from an imperfect understanding, a plethora of definitions, and informal use in the literature and in everyday life. It is common to say “I trust you, ” but what does that mean? T ..."
Abstract - Cited by 529 (6 self) - Add to MetaCart
Artificial Intelligence (DAI) is raised. The thesis presents a testbed populated by simple trusting agents which substantiates the utility of the formalism. The formalism provides a step in the direction of a proper understanding and definition of human trust. A contribution of the thesis is its detailed

Active Messages: a Mechanism for Integrated Communication and Computation

by Thorsten Von Eicken, David E. Culler, Seth Copen Goldstein, Klaus Erik Schauser , 1992
"... The design challenge for large-scale multiprocessors is (1) to minimize communication overhead, (2) allow communication to overlap computation, and (3) coordinate the two without sacrificing processor cost/performance. We show that existing message passing multiprocessors have unnecessarily high com ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1054 (75 self) - Add to MetaCart
The design challenge for large-scale multiprocessors is (1) to minimize communication overhead, (2) allow communication to overlap computation, and (3) coordinate the two without sacrificing processor cost/performance. We show that existing message passing multiprocessors have unnecessarily high

Vogels, U-Net: a user-level network interface for parallel and distributed computing, in:

by Anindya Basu , Vineet Buch , Werner Vogels , Thorsten Von Eicken - Proceedings of the 15th ACM Symposium on Operating System Principles, ACM, , 1995
"... Abstract The U-Net communication architecture provides processes with a virtual view of a network device to enable user-level access to high-speed communication devices. The architecture, implemented on standard workstations using off-the-shelf ATM communication hardware, removes the kernel from th ..."
Abstract - Cited by 597 (17 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract The U-Net communication architecture provides processes with a virtual view of a network device to enable user-level access to high-speed communication devices. The architecture, implemented on standard workstations using off-the-shelf ATM communication hardware, removes the kernel from

Similarity Flooding: A Versatile Graph Matching Algorithm and Its Application to Schema Matching

by Sergey Melnik, Hector Garcia-molina, Erhard Rahm , 2002
"... Matching elements of two data schemas or two data instances plays a key role in data warehousing, e-business, or even biochemical applications. In this paper we present a matching algorithm based on a fixpoint computation that is usable across different scenarios. The algorithm takes two graphs (sch ..."
Abstract - Cited by 592 (12 self) - Add to MetaCart
Matching elements of two data schemas or two data instances plays a key role in data warehousing, e-business, or even biochemical applications. In this paper we present a matching algorithm based on a fixpoint computation that is usable across different scenarios. The algorithm takes two graphs

A Model of Saliency-based Visual Attention for Rapid Scene Analysis

by Laurent Itti, Christof Koch, Ernst Niebur , 1998
"... A visual attention system, inspired by the behavior and the neuronal architecture of the early primate visual system, is presented. Multiscale image features are combined into a single topographical saliency map. A dynamical neural network then selects attended locations in order of decreasing salie ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1748 (72 self) - Add to MetaCart
saliency. The system breaks down the complex problem of scene understanding by rapidly selecting, in a computationally efficient manner, conspicuous locations to be analyzed in detail. Index terms: Visual attention, scene analysis, feature extraction, target detection, visual search. \Pi I. Introduction

I-TCP: Indirect TCP for mobile hosts

by Ajay Bakre, B. R. Badrinath , 1995
"... Abstract — IP-based solutions to accommodate mobile hosts within existing internetworks do not address the distinctive features of wireless mobile computing. IP-based transport protocols thus suffer from poor performance when a mobile host communicates with a host on the fixed network. This is cause ..."
Abstract - Cited by 614 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract — IP-based solutions to accommodate mobile hosts within existing internetworks do not address the distinctive features of wireless mobile computing. IP-based transport protocols thus suffer from poor performance when a mobile host communicates with a host on the fixed network

A Resource Management Architecture for Metacomputing Systems

by Karl Czajkowski , Ian Foster, Nick Karonis, Carl Kesselman, Stuart Martin, Warren Smith, Steven Tuecke , 1997
"... Metacomputing systems are intended to support remote and/or concurrent use of geographically distributed computational resources. Resource management in such systems is complicated by five concerns that do not typically arise in other situations: site autonomy and heterogeneous substrates at the ..."
Abstract - Cited by 462 (45 self) - Add to MetaCart
report on our experiences applying our techniques in a large testbed, GUSTO, incorporating 15 sites, 330 computers, and 3600 processors.

Differential Evolution - A simple and efficient adaptive scheme for global optimization over continuous spaces

by Rainer Storn, Kenneth Price , 1995
"... A new heuristic approach for minimizing possibly nonlinear and non differentiable continuous space functions is presented. By means of an extensive testbed, which includes the De Jong functions, it will be demonstrated that the new method converges faster and with more certainty than Adaptive Simula ..."
Abstract - Cited by 427 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
A new heuristic approach for minimizing possibly nonlinear and non differentiable continuous space functions is presented. By means of an extensive testbed, which includes the De Jong functions, it will be demonstrated that the new method converges faster and with more certainty than Adaptive

Making Gnutella-like P2P Systems Scalable

by Yatin Chawathe, Sylvia Ratnasamy, Lee Breslau, Nick Lanham, Scott Shenker , 2003
"... Napster pioneered the idea of peer-to-peer file sharing, and supported it with a centralized file search facility. Subsequent P2P systems like Gnutella adopted decentralized search algorithms. However, Gnutella's notoriously poor scaling led some to propose distributed hash table solutions to t ..."
Abstract - Cited by 429 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
implementation and its deployment on a testbed. Categories and Subject Descriptors C.2 [Computer Communication Networks]: Distributed Systems General Terms Algorithms, Design, Performance, Experimentation Keywords Peer-to-peer, distributed hash tables, Gnutella 1.

Nimrod/G: An architecture for a resource management and scheduling system in a global computational Grid

by Rajkumar Buyya, David Abramson, Jonathan Giddy - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING IN ASIA-PACIFIC REGION (HPC ASIA 2000) , 2000
"... Abstract- The availability of powerful microprocessors and high-speed networks as commodity components has enabled high performance computing on distributed systems (wide-area cluster computing). In this environment, as the resources are usually distributed geographically at various levels (departme ..."
Abstract - Cited by 406 (70 self) - Add to MetaCart
emphasis on developing scheduling schemes based on the concept of computational economy for a real test bed, namely, the Globus testbed (GUSTO). 1.
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