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Distributed Computing in Practice: The Condor Experience

by Douglas Thain, Todd Tannenbaum, Miron Livny - Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience , 2005
"... Since 1984, the Condor project has enabled ordinary users to do extraordinary computing. Today, the project continues to explore the social and technical problems of cooperative computing on scales ranging from the desktop to the world-wide computational grid. In this chapter, we provide the history ..."
Abstract - Cited by 542 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
Since 1984, the Condor project has enabled ordinary users to do extraordinary computing. Today, the project continues to explore the social and technical problems of cooperative computing on scales ranging from the desktop to the world-wide computational grid. In this chapter, we provide

Computer support for knowledge-building communities

by Marlene Scardamalia, Carl Bereiter - The Journal of the Learning Sciences , 1994
"... Nobody wants to use technology to recreate education as it is, yet there is not much to distinguish what goes on in most computer-supported classrooms versus traditional classrooms. Kay (1991) has suggested that the phenomenon of reframing innovations to recreate the familiar is itself commonplace. ..."
Abstract - Cited by 593 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Nobody wants to use technology to recreate education as it is, yet there is not much to distinguish what goes on in most computer-supported classrooms versus traditional classrooms. Kay (1991) has suggested that the phenomenon of reframing innovations to recreate the familiar is itself commonplace

Understanding Normal and Impaired Word Reading: Computational Principles in Quasi-Regular Domains

by David C. Plaut , James L. McClelland, Mark S. Seidenberg, Karalyn Patterson - PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW , 1996
"... We develop a connectionist approach to processing in quasi-regular domains, as exemplified by English word reading. A consideration of the shortcomings of a previous implementation (Seidenberg & McClelland, 1989, Psych. Rev.) in reading nonwords leads to the development of orthographic and phono ..."
Abstract - Cited by 583 (94 self) - Add to MetaCart
We develop a connectionist approach to processing in quasi-regular domains, as exemplified by English word reading. A consideration of the shortcomings of a previous implementation (Seidenberg & McClelland, 1989, Psych. Rev.) in reading nonwords leads to the development of orthographic and phonological representations that capture better the relevant structure among the written and spoken forms of words. In a number of simulation experiments, networks using the new representations learn to read both regular and exception words, including low-frequency exception words, and yet are still able to read pronounceable nonwords as well as skilled readers. A mathematical analysis of the effects of word frequency and spelling-sound consistency in a related but simpler system serves to clarify the close relationship of these factors in influencing naming latencies. These insights are verified in subsequent simulations, including an attractor network that reproduces the naming latency data directly in its time to settle on a response. Further analyses of the network's ability to reproduce data on impaired reading in surface dyslexia support a view of the reading system that incorporates a graded division-of-labor between semantic and phonological processes. Such a view is consistent with the more general Seidenberg and McClelland framework and has some similarities with---but also important differences from---the standard dual-route account.

What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic

by David Goldberg , 1991
"... ..."
Abstract - Cited by 483 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract not found

Visual interpretation of hand gestures for human-computer interaction: A review

by Vladimir I. Pavlovic, Rajeev Sharma, Thomas S. Huang - IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE , 1997
"... The use of hand gestures provides an attractive alternative to cumbersome interface devices for human-computer interaction (HCI). In particular, visual interpretation of hand gestures can help in achieving the ease and naturalness desired for HCI. This has motivated a very active research area conc ..."
Abstract - Cited by 478 (18 self) - Add to MetaCart
The use of hand gestures provides an attractive alternative to cumbersome interface devices for human-computer interaction (HCI). In particular, visual interpretation of hand gestures can help in achieving the ease and naturalness desired for HCI. This has motivated a very active research area

Sketchpad: A man-machine graphical communication system

by Ivan Edward Sutherland , 2003
"... The Sketchpad system uses drawing as a novel communication medium for a computer. The system contains input, output, and computation programs which enable it to interpret information drawn directly on a computer display. It has been used to draw electrical, mechanical, scientific, mathematical, and ..."
Abstract - Cited by 702 (6 self) - Add to MetaCart
The Sketchpad system uses drawing as a novel communication medium for a computer. The system contains input, output, and computation programs which enable it to interpret information drawn directly on a computer display. It has been used to draw electrical, mechanical, scientific, mathematical

The Skill Content of Recent Technological Change: An Empirical Exploration

by David H. Autor, Frank Levy, Richard J. Murnane , 2000
"... Recent empirical and case study evidence documents a strong association between the adoption of computers and increased use of college educated or non-production workers. With few exceptions, the conceptual link explaining how computer technology complements skilled labor or substitutes for unskille ..."
Abstract - Cited by 607 (29 self) - Add to MetaCart
Recent empirical and case study evidence documents a strong association between the adoption of computers and increased use of college educated or non-production workers. With few exceptions, the conceptual link explaining how computer technology complements skilled labor or substitutes

Why a diagram is (sometimes) worth ten thousand words

by Jill H. Larkin - Cognitive Science , 1987
"... We distinguish diagrammatic from sentential paper-and-pencil representationsof information by developing alternative models of information-processing systems that are informationally equivalent and that can be characterized as sentential or diagrammatic. Sentential representations are sequential, li ..."
Abstract - Cited by 777 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
, like the propositions in a text. Dlogrammotlc representations ore indexed by location in a plane. Dio-grommatic representations also typically display information that is only implicit in sententiol representations and that therefore has to be computed, sometimes at great cost, to make it explicit

The empirical case for two systems of reasoning

by Steven A. Sloman , 1996
"... Distinctions have been proposed between systems of reasoning for centuries. This article distills properties shared by many of these distinctions and characterizes the resulting systems in light of recent findings and theoretical developments. One system is associative because its computations ref ..."
Abstract - Cited by 631 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Distinctions have been proposed between systems of reasoning for centuries. This article distills properties shared by many of these distinctions and characterizes the resulting systems in light of recent findings and theoretical developments. One system is associative because its computations

Histograms of Oriented Gradients for Human Detection

by Navneet Dalal, Bill Triggs - In CVPR , 2005
"... We study the question of feature sets for robust visual object recognition, adopting linear SVM based human detection as a test case. After reviewing existing edge and gradient based descriptors, we show experimentally that grids of Histograms of Oriented Gradient (HOG) descriptors significantly out ..."
Abstract - Cited by 3678 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
outperform existing feature sets for human detection. We study the influence of each stage of the computation on performance, concluding that fine-scale gradients, fine orientation binning, relatively coarse spatial binning, and high-quality local contrast normalization in overlapping descriptor blocks
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