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On the acceptability of arguments and its fundamental role in nonmonotonic reasoning, logic programming and n-person games

by Phan Minh Dung - Artificial Intelligence , 1995
"... The purpose of this paper is to study the fundamental mechanism humans use in argumentation and its role in different major approaches to commonsense reasoning in AI and logic programming. We present three novel results: We develop a theory for argumentation in which the acceptability of arguments i ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1198 (12 self) - Add to MetaCart
is precisely defined. We show that logic programming and nonmonotonic reasoning in AI are different forms of argumentation. We show that argumentation can be viewed as a special form of logic programming with negation as failure. This result introduces a general method for generating metainterpreters

A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality

by Carol S. Dweck, Ellen L. Leggett - Psychological Review , 1988
"... Past work has documented and described major patterns of adaptive and maladaptive behavior: the mastery-oriented and the helpless patterns. In this article, we present a research-based model that accounts for these patterns in terms of underlying psychological processes. The model specifies how indi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 964 (20 self) - Add to MetaCart
-ine the generality of the model and use it to illuminate phenomena in a wide variety of domains. Finally, we place the model in its broadest context and examine its implications for our understand-ing of motivational and personality processes. The task for investigators of motivation and personality is to identify

USER ACCEPTANCE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: TOWARD A UNIFIED VIEW

by Viswanath Venkatesh, Michael G. Morris, Gordon B. Davis, Fred D. Davis , 2003
"... Information technology (IT) acceptance research has yielded many competing models, each with different sets of acceptance determinants. In this paper, we (1) review user acceptance literature and discuss eight prominent models, (2) empirically compare the eight models and their extensions, (3) formu ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1807 (10 self) - Add to MetaCart
) formulate a unified model that integrates elements across the eight models, and (4) empirically validate the unified model. The eight models reviewed are the theory of reasoned action, the technology acceptance model, the motivational model, the theory of planned behavior, a model combining the technology

View Interpolation for Image Synthesis

by Shenchang Eric Chen, et al.
"... Image-space simplifications have been used to accelerate the calculation of computer graphic images since the dawn of visual simulation. Texture mapping has been used to provide a means by which images may themselves be used as display primitives. The work reported by this paper endeavors to carry t ..."
Abstract - Cited by 603 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
quadtree decomposition and a view-independent visible priority. Our experiments have shown that the morphing can be performed at interactive rates on today’s high-end personal computers. Potential applications of the method include virtual holograms, a walkthrough in a virtual environment, image

Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Preferential Models and Cumulative Logics

by Sarit Kraus, Daniel Lehmann, Menachem Magidor , 1990
"... Many systems that exhibit nonmonotonic behavior have been described and studied already in the literature. The general notion of nonmonotonic reasoning, though, has almost always been described only negatively, by the property it does not enjoy, i.e. monotonicity. We study here general patterns of ..."
Abstract - Cited by 626 (14 self) - Add to MetaCart
of nonmonotonic reasoning and try to isolate properties that could help us map the field of nonmonotonic reasoning by reference to positive properties. We concentrate on a number of families of nonmonotonic consequence relations, defined in the style of Gentzen [13]. Both proof-theoretic and semantic points

Reasoning the fast and frugal way: Models of bounded rationality.

by Gerd Gigerenzer , Daniel G Goldstein - Psychological Review, , 1996
"... Humans and animals make inferences about the world under limited time and knowledge. In contrast, many models of rational inference treat the mind as a Laplacean Demon, equipped with unlimited time, knowledge, and computational might. Following H. Simon's notion of satisncing, the authors have ..."
Abstract - Cited by 611 (30 self) - Add to MetaCart
Humans and animals make inferences about the world under limited time and knowledge. In contrast, many models of rational inference treat the mind as a Laplacean Demon, equipped with unlimited time, knowledge, and computational might. Following H. Simon's notion of satisncing, the authors

Transfer of Cognitive Skill

by John R. Anderson , 1989
"... A framework for skill acquisition is proposed that includes two major stages in the development of a cognitive skill: a declarative stage in which facts about the skill domain are interpreted and a procedural stage in which the domain knowledge is directly embodied in procedures for performing the s ..."
Abstract - Cited by 894 (22 self) - Add to MetaCart
of learning and practice to acquire any significant cognitive skill to a reasonable degree of proficiency. For instance, after 100 hours a student learning to program a computer has achieved only a very modest facility in the skill. Learning one's primary language takes tens of thousands of hours

Above the Clouds: A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing

by Michael Armbrust, Armando Fox, Rean Griffith, Anthony D. Joseph, Randy H. Katz, Andrew Konwinski, Gunho Lee, David A. Patterson, Ariel Rabkin, Matei Zaharia , 2009
"... personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires pri ..."
Abstract - Cited by 955 (14 self) - Add to MetaCart
personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires

Cognitive load during problem solving: effects on learning

by John Sweller - COGNITIVE SCIENCE , 1988
"... Considerable evidence indicates that domain specific knowledge in the form of schemes is the primary factor distinguishing experts from novices in problem-solving skill. Evidence that conventional problem-solving activity is not effective in schema acquisition is also accumulating. It is suggested t ..."
Abstract - Cited by 639 (13 self) - Add to MetaCart
that a major reason for the ineffectiveness of problem solving as a learning device, is that the cognitive processes required by the two activities overlap insufficiently, and that conventional problem solving in the form of means-ends analysis requires a relatively large amount of cognitive processing

Cognitive Radio: Brain-Empowered Wireless Communications

by Simon Haykin , 2005
"... Cognitive radio is viewed as a novel approach for improving the utilization of a precious natural resource: the radio electromagnetic spectrum. The cognitive radio, built on a software-defined radio, is defined as an intelligent wireless communication system that is aware of its environment and use ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1541 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Cognitive radio is viewed as a novel approach for improving the utilization of a precious natural resource: the radio electromagnetic spectrum. The cognitive radio, built on a software-defined radio, is defined as an intelligent wireless communication system that is aware of its environment
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