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Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning: Independent vs. Cooperative Agents

by Ming Tan - In Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Machine Learning , 1993
"... Intelligent human agents exist in a cooperative social environment that facilitates learning. They learn not only by trialand -error, but also through cooperation by sharing instantaneous information, episodic experience, and learned knowledge. The key investigations of this paper are, "Given t ..."
Abstract - Cited by 310 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
Intelligent human agents exist in a cooperative social environment that facilitates learning. They learn not only by trialand -error, but also through cooperation by sharing instantaneous information, episodic experience, and learned knowledge. The key investigations of this paper are, "

Self-determination and persistence in a real-life setting: Toward a motivational model of high school dropout.

by Robert J Vallerand , Michelle S Fbrtier , Frederic Guay - Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, , 1997
"... The purpose of this study was to propose and test a motivational model of high school dropout. The model posits that teachers, parents, and the school administration's behaviors toward students influence students' perceptions of competence and autonomy. The less autonomy supportive the so ..."
Abstract - Cited by 183 (19 self) - Add to MetaCart
, as noted by Cronbach (1951}, given a small number of items, low alphas can underestimate scale item intercorrelations that are the basis for internal consistency. For instance, given the same average item intercorrelations, the three-item teacher autonomy-support scale, which yielded an alpha coefficient

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

by Eva L. Butler, Frances A, Eva L. Baker , 1991
"... This report summr-izes the work conducted for the Artificial Intelligence Measurement System (AIMS) Project which was undertaken as an exploration of methodology to consider how the effects of artificial intelligence systems could be compared to human performance. The research covered four areas of ..."
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This report summr-izes the work conducted for the Artificial Intelligence Measurement System (AIMS) Project which was undertaken as an exploration of methodology to consider how the effects of artificial intelligence systems could be compared to human performance. The research covered four areas

Measuring Cognitive Abilities of Machines, Humans and Non-Human Animals in a Unified Way: towards Universal Psychometrics

by José Hernández-orallo, David L. Dowe, M.Victoria Hernández-Lloreda , 2012
"... We present and develop the notion of ‘universal psychometrics’ as a subject of study, and eventually a discipline, that focusses on the measurement of cognitive abilities for the machine kingdom, which comprises any kind of individual or collective, either artificial, biological or hybrid. Universal ..."
Abstract - Cited by 4 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
. Universal psychometrics can be built, of course, upon the experience, techniques and methodologies from (human) psychometrics, comparative cognition and related areas. Conversely, the perspective and techniques which are being developed in the area of machine intelligence measurement using (algorithmic

Life, death, and intelligence

by Linda S. Gottfredson - Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology , 2004
"... [PPT slide 1-Title] [2] Many people have the impression that intelligence, as measured by IQ tests, is just an academic ability—that it has little practical value on the job, in the home, or in conducting one’s daily business with banks, restaurants, the local health clinic, and so on. Is this true? ..."
Abstract - Cited by 11 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
? Is IQ just a narrow academic ability? [3] No, it’s not. IQ tests actually measure the single most useful tool in the toolkit of human mental abilities. Today I will argue that general intelligence affects our personal well-being in many ways throughout the whole course of our lives. [4-a] I will begin

IN INTELLIGENCE INFORMATION SYSTEM1

by Jugoslav Achkoski, Vladimir Trajkovik
"... Summary: This paper presents the model of Intelligence Information System (IIS) based on a Service-Oriented Architecture. In this paper we propose the new service’s model, based on the Intelligence cycle and other systems which are necessary for gathering intelligence information and data. The paper ..."
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Summary: This paper presents the model of Intelligence Information System (IIS) based on a Service-Oriented Architecture. In this paper we propose the new service’s model, based on the Intelligence cycle and other systems which are necessary for gathering intelligence information and data

High Performance VMM-Bypass I/O in Virtual Machines

by Jiuxing Liu, et al. , 2006
"... Currently, I/O device virtualization models in virtual machine (VM) environments require involvement of a virtual machine monitor (VMM) and/or a privileged VM for each I/O operation, which may turn out to be a performance bottleneck for systems with high I/O demands, especially those equipped with m ..."
Abstract - Cited by 71 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
in guest VMs without involvement of the VMM and/or a privileged VM. By exploiting the intelligence found in modern high speed network interfaces, VMM-bypass can significantly improve I/O and communication performance for VMs without sacrificing safety or isolation. To demonstrate the idea of VMM-bypass, we

Longer-term effects of Head Start

by Eliana Garces , Duncan Thomas , Janet Currie Ucla , Nber - American Economic Review , 2002
"... Abstract Public early intervention programs like Head Start are often justified as investments in children. Yet nothing is known about the long-term effects of Head Start. This paper draws on unique data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to provide new evidence on the effects of Head Start on ..."
Abstract - Cited by 131 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
, it will be the (unobserved) parental emphasis on education that leads to better outcomes in adulthood rather than Head Start (or other preschool) attendance per se. To the extent that parental taste for human capital accumulation does not differ between siblings, then it can be absorbed in a family-specific fixed effect, µ

Open Access Syndrome Diagnosis: Human Intuition or Machine Intelligence?

by Øivind Braaten, Johannes Friestad
"... Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate whether artificial intelligence methods can represent objective methods that are essential in syndrome diagnosis. Most syndromes have no external criterion standard of diagnosis. The predictive value of a clinical sign used in diagnosis is dependent ..."
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Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate whether artificial intelligence methods can represent objective methods that are essential in syndrome diagnosis. Most syndromes have no external criterion standard of diagnosis. The predictive value of a clinical sign used in diagnosis

Materials for an exploratory theory of the network society.

by Manuel Castells , Anthony Giddens , Alain Touraine , Anthony Smith , Benjamin Barber , Peter Hall , Roger-Pol Droit , Sophie Watson , Frank Webster , Krishan Kumar , David Lyon , Craig Calhoun , Jeffrey Henderson , Ramon Ramos , Jose E Rodrigues-Ibanez , Jose F Tezanos , Mary Kaldor , Stephen Jones , Christopher Freeman - The British Journal of Sociology , 2000
"... ABSTRACT This article aims at proposing some elements for a grounded theor y of the network society. The network society is the social structure characteristic of the Information Age, as tentatively identi ed by empirical, cross-cultural investigation. It permeates most societies in the world, in v ..."
Abstract - Cited by 122 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
reconstruction by humans of the sources and purpose of their action, always constrained but never pre-scripted. So, production can be oriented towards glorifying God (and punishing the in dels), as well as religious belief can be twisted to the service of capital accumulation. What actually happens, when
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