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A Conceptual Framework and a Toolkit for Supporting the Rapid Prototyping of Context-Aware Applications

by Anind K. Dey, Gregory D. Abowd, Daniel Salber , 2001
"... Computing devices and applications are now used beyond the desktop, in diverse environments, and this trend toward ubiquitous computing is accelerating. One challenge that remains in this emerging research field is the ability to enhance the behavior of any application by informing it of the context ..."
Abstract - Cited by 906 (28 self) - Add to MetaCart
of context, we are focusing our efforts on the pieces of context that can be inferred automatically from sensors in a physical environment. We then present a conceptual framework that separates the acquisition and representation of context from the delivery and reaction to context by a contextaware

Controlled and automatic human information processing

by Walter Schneider, Richard M. Shiffrin - I. Detection, search, and attention. Psychological Review , 1977
"... A two-process theory of human information processing is proposed and applied to detection, search, and attention phenomena. Automatic processing is activa-tion of a learned sequence of elements in long-term memory that is initiated by appropriate inputs and then proceeds automatically—without subjec ..."
Abstract - Cited by 874 (16 self) - Add to MetaCart
), and is controlled by the subject. A series of studies using both reaction time and accuracy measures is presented, which traces these concepts in the form of automatic detection and controlled, search through the areas of detection, search, and attention. Results in these areas are shown to arise from common

VisualSEEk: a fully automated content-based image query system

by John R. Smith, Shih-fu Chang , 1996
"... We describe a highly functional prototype system for searching by visual features in an image database. The VisualSEEk system is novel in that the user forms the queries by diagramming spatial arrangements of color regions. The system finds the images that contain the most similar arrangements of ..."
Abstract - Cited by 762 (31 self) - Add to MetaCart
of similar regions. Prior to the queries, the system automatically extracts and indexes salient color regions from the images. By utilizing efficient indexing techniques for color information, region sizes and absolute and relative spatial locations, a wide variety of complex joint color/spatial queries may

A Simple Rule-Based Part of Speech Tagger

by Eric Brill , 1992
"... Automatic part of speech tagging is an area of natural language processing where statistical techniques have been more successful than rule- based methods. In this paper, we present a sim- ple rule-based part of speech tagger which automatically acquires its rules and tags with accuracy coinparable ..."
Abstract - Cited by 596 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
to stochastic taggers. The rule-based tagger has many advantages over these taggers, including: a vast reduction in stored information required, the perspicuity of a sinall set of meaningful rules, ease of finding and implementing improvements to the tagger, and better portability from one tag set, cor- pus

Managing Energy and Server Resources in Hosting Centers

by Jeffrey S. Chase, Darrell C. Anderson, Prachi N. Thakar, Amin M. Vahdat - In Proceedings of the 18th ACM Symposium on Operating System Principles (SOSP , 2001
"... Interact hosting centers serve multiple service sites from a common hardware base. This paper presents the design and implementation of an architecture for resource management in a hosting center op-erating system, with an emphasis on energy as a driving resource management issue for large server cl ..."
Abstract - Cited by 574 (37 self) - Add to MetaCart
service. Experimental results from a prototype confirm that the system adapts to offered load and resource avail-ability, and can reduce server energy usage by 29 % or more for a typical Web workload. 1.

Image Inpainting

by Marcelo Bertalmio, Guillermo Sapiro , 2000
"... Inpainting, the technique of modifying an image in an undetectable form, is as ancient as art itself. The goals and applications of inpainting are numerous, from the restoration of damaged paintings and photographs to the removal/replacement of selected objects. In this paper, we introduce a novel a ..."
Abstract - Cited by 531 (25 self) - Add to MetaCart
that isophote lines arriving at the regions ’ boundaries are completed inside. In contrast with previous approaches, the technique here introduced does not require the user to specify where the novel information comes from. This is automatically done (and in a fast way), thereby allowing to simultaneously fill

Optimizing Search Engines using Clickthrough Data

by Thorsten Joachims , 2002
"... This paper presents an approach to automatically optimizing the retrieval quality of search engines using clickthrough data. Intuitively, a good information retrieval system should present relevant documents high in the ranking, with less relevant documents following below. While previous approaches ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1314 (23 self) - Add to MetaCart
approaches to learning retrieval functions from examples exist, they typically require training data generated from relevance judgments by experts. This makes them difficult and expensive to apply. The goal of this paper is to develop a method that utilizes clickthrough data for training, namely the query

Proposed NIST Standard for Role-Based Access Control

by David F. Ferraiolo, Ravi Sandhu, Serban Gavrila, D. Richard Kuhn, Ramaswamy Chandramouli , 2001
"... In this article we propose a standard for role-based access control (RBAC). Although RBAC models have received broad support as a generalized approach to access control, and are well recognized for their many advantages in performing large-scale authorization management, no single authoritative def ..."
Abstract - Cited by 544 (13 self) - Add to MetaCart
definition of RBAC exists today. This lack of a widely accepted model results in uncertainty and confusion about RBAC's utility and meaning. The standard proposed here seeks to resolve this situation by unifying ideas from a base of frequently referenced RBAC models, commercial products, and research

Semantic matching of web services capabilities

by Massimo Paolucci, Takahiro Kawamura, Terry R. Payne, Katia Sycara , 2002
"... Abstract. The Web is moving from being a collection of pages toward a collection of services that interoperate through the Internet. The first step toward this interoperation is the location of other services that can help toward the solution of a problem. In this paper we claim that location of web ..."
Abstract - Cited by 581 (24 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract. The Web is moving from being a collection of pages toward a collection of services that interoperate through the Internet. The first step toward this interoperation is the location of other services that can help toward the solution of a problem. In this paper we claim that location

View Interpolation for Image Synthesis

by Shenchang Eric Chen, et al.
"... Image-space simplifications have been used to accelerate the calculation of computer graphic images since the dawn of visual simulation. Texture mapping has been used to provide a means by which images may themselves be used as display primitives. The work reported by this paper endeavors to carry t ..."
Abstract - Cited by 603 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
of the scene may be replaced with images. Second, the image synthesis time is independent of the scene complexity. The correspondence between images, required for the morphing method, can be predetermined automatically using the range data associated with the images. The method is further accelerated by a
Results 1 - 10 of 20,033