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asynchronously propagated update transactions without calculating the precise global state among reachable replicas. In addition, fairly assigning the variation of data to replicas equalizes the disadvantages of processing update transactions among replicas. Fairness control for assigning the data variation

ii iv vTo my parents vi vii Acknowledgements I would first and foremost extend my whole-hearted gratitude to my advisors, An-drea Arpaci-Dusseau and Remzi Arpaci-Dusseau. Andrea and Remzi are the reason that I had the opportunity for this exceptional Ph.D. journey. To this day, I still re-member the moment when they took me as their student and the joy and hope in my heart. Andrea and Remzi have showed me what systems research is like and how much fun and challenging it can be. Before this journey with them, I had always liked and believed in the beauty of mathematics and theory. My initial interest in systems research happened when I took Remzi’s Advanced Operating Systems

on the selected platforms. In this paper, we present a systematic approach for evaluating and predicting the performance and scalability of J2EE applications based on modeling and simulation. The approach helps to identify and eliminate bottlenecks in the application design and ensure that systems are designed

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are client-server based, which is feasible for relatively slow role-playing games. Those have modest bandwidth and latency requirements and are paid for by their customers. For MMOGs with higher realtime requirements and/or a smaller number of customers willing to pay, peer-to-peer networking seems to be a

Abstract Message-oriented event-driven systems are becoming increasingly ubiquitous in many industry do-mains including telecommunications, transportation and supply chain management. Applications in these areas typically have stringent requirements for performance and scalability. To guarantee adequate quality-of-service, systems must be subjected to a rigorous performance and scalability analysis before they are put into produc-tion. In this paper, we present a comprehensive modeling methodology for message-oriented event-driven systems in the context of a case study of a representative ap-plication in the supply chain management domain. The methodology, which is based on queueing Petri nets, pro-vides a basis for performance analysis and capacity plan-ning. We study a deployment of the SPECjms2007 stan-dard benchmark on a leading commercial middleware platform. A detailed system model is built in a step-by-step fashion and then used to predict the system perfor-mance under various workload and configuration scenar-ios. After the case study, we present a set of generic per-formance modeling patterns that can be used as build-ing blocks when modeling message-oriented event-driven systems. The results demonstrate the effectiveness, prac-ticality and accuracy of the proposed modeling and pre-diction approach. 1

to meaningful events in a timely manner. Smart supply chains fusing dynamic sensor data with information provided by backend-systems are one such example of event-based enterprise systems. Monitoring their global state in an effective way for runtime governance remains an open research challenge: providing

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