Responses of soil biological processes to elevated atmospheric [CO2] and nitrogen addition in a poplar plantation

belowground functioning of tropical biomes

(DOI: will be inserted by hand later) VLTI/AMBER and VLTI/MIDI spectro-interferometric observations of the B[e] supergiant CPD−57 ◦ 2874?

Abstract-The ion microprobe has been used to determine the concentrations of a number oftrace elements (including all 14 stable rare earth elements) and the isotopic compositions of Ca and Mg in seven hibonite-rich refractory inclusions. Hibonite in every inclusion analyzed shows the effect of RAZE partitioning with other solid or liquid phases, in which hibonite is enriched in light over heavy REE compared to other existing phases. This partitioning causes Cl chondrite-normalized enrichments to drop by factors of 4 to 22 from lanthanum to lutetium. Fractionations due to gas-solid partitioning of REE are sometimes uperimposed on the pattern produced by partitioning between condensed phases. Two inclusions, HAL and DH-H 1, show evidence for formation in extremely oxidizing environments and their Ca is mass fm~ionat ~ in favor of the heavy isotopes by 7 and 12~/~u, reape&vely. Two ~~ndurn-hi~nite inclu~ons show evidence of extremely high temperature gas-solid fractionation, such that the more volatile tight REE are depleted as a group relative to the more refractory heavy REE. These inciusions both have Ca that is mass fractionated in favor of the light isotopes. Hibonite preserves the largest nuclear isotope anomalies inTi found to date (FAHEY ef al., 198Sa; HINTON et al., 1987b), but there does not seem to be a simple relationship between chemical composition, isotopic mass fractionation and the sign and magnitude of nuclear isotopic anomalies in hibonite-rich inclusions. One possibility for producing a variety of chemical compositions and degrem of mass fractionation while preserving nuclear isotope anomalies is by multiple cycles of condensation and evaporation in a turbulent protoplanetary accretion disk (MORL~LL,

Caractérisation des problèmes conjoints de détection et d'estimation

Noname manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) Spatiospectral concentration in the Cartesian plane

[1] There is an ongoing debate concerning the distribution of eddy stirring across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and the nature of its controlling processes. The problem is addressed here by estimating the isentropic eddy diffusivity from a collection of hydrographic and altimetric observations, analyzed in a mixing length theoretical framework. It is shown that, typically, is suppressed by an order of magnitude in the upper kilometer of the ACC frontal jets relative to their surroundings, primarily as a result of a local reduction of the mixing length. This observation is reproduced by a quasi‐geostrophic theory of eddy stirring across a broad barotropic jet based on the scaling law derived by Ferrari and Nikurashin (2010). The theory interprets the observed widespread suppression of the mixing length and in the upper layers of frontal jets as the kinematic consequence of eddy propagation relative to the mean flow within jet cores. Deviations from the prevalent regime of mixing suppression in the core of upper‐ocean jets are encountered in a few special sites. Such ‘leaky jet ’ segments appear to be associated with sharp stationary meanders of the mean flow that are generated by the interaction of the ACC with major topographic features. It is contended that the characteristic thermohaline structure of the Southern Ocean, consisting of multiple upper‐ocean thermohaline fronts separated and underlaid by regions of homogenized properties, is largely a result of the widespread suppression of eddy stirring by parallel jets.

de nationalité suisse et originaire de Zurich (ZH) et Lucerne (LU) acceptée sur proposition du jury:

@ Printed on acid-free paper which falls within the guidelines of the ANSI

This report focuses on the evidence about the health.consequences of smoking for women, and is intended to serve.the public health and medical communities as 'a unified source of existing scientific research. The major issues about tobacco use and women's health are examined, including trends in consumption, biomedical evidence, and determinants of smoking ititiation, maintenance, and cessation. The biomedical aspects ofsmoking are presented in terms of mortality, morbiplity, cardiovasculaidiseases, cancer, pregnancy and infant,health,, Teptic ulcer disease, drug reactions and, interactions, food constituents, and responses to,diagnostic tests. The psychosocial and behavioraj. aspects, of smoking in women are discussed, along with the docffiented increases in- the risk of contracting lung cancer, heart,disease, or lung disease. The harmful effects of pregnant mothers smoking behaviors, are also docudented. Adhitionally, recent data are enumerated to indicate a trend of,decreasing tobacco usage among women in response to the warnings of the gavernMent, voluntary agencie, and physicrins. (Author /NRB)' DOCUMENT RESUME cc 015 465