As a relative shortage of organs limits transplantation rates in many countries, the number of patients on dialysis is increasing. Nephrologists in specialist centres supervise their dialysis, but increasingly in the context of acute medical emergencies, such patients present to district general hospitals. Experience in managing patients on dialysis varies among institutions. This review aims to provide a practical guide to aid general physicians involved in the delivery of hospital care, by outlining the principles of dialysis (haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis) and examining relevant medical issues specific to dialysis patients. The delivery of healthcare to patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring maintenance

Assessment of exposure to mercury from industrial emissions: comparing ‘‘distance as a proxy’ ’ and dispersion modelling approaches

To cite this version: Parker, J., 2007. Developing effective practice learning for tomorrow’s social workers. Social Work Education. (In Press) Bournemouth University Research Online [BURO] is designed to allow users to access the research output of the institution. Copyright (c) and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Any correspondance concerning this service should be sent to the repository

The paper explores the area of methods used in the design process and the need to adapt them for use in different cultures. We have seen that there are several dimensions on which cultures differ (Geert Hofstede, 1991). It is now not uncommon to question the ‘one size fits all ’ worldview. There are design guidelines that are emerging, in the domain of cross-cultural design (Del Galdo, E., and Nielsen J, Anderson, 1996). However, one area that has not received as much attention as it should, is that of the methods and tools used in the design process. If we accept that fact that there are fundamental differences among cultures, then does it not imply that we cannot have a ‘one method fits all ’ approach. Any method is influenced by the culture where it originates and hence it ‘corrupts ’ the data that is collected when using that alien method, in a completely different culture (Anderson, R.J., 1994). Are there ways we can adapt methods to suit different cultures (Barab, S.A., Thomas, M.K., Dodge, T., Newell, M. & Squire, K.,2003)? If yes, what and how can this be done? 1

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Verification of QPF in NWP models has always been challenging not only for knowing what scores are better to quantify a particular skill of a model but also for choosing the most appropriate methodology when comparing forecasts with observations. On the one hand, an objective verification technique can provide conclusions that are not in agreement with those ones obtained by the “eyeball ” method. Consequently, QPF can provide valuable information to forecasters in spite of having poor scores. On the other hand, there are difficulties in knowing the “truth ” so different results can be achieved depending on the procedures used to obtain the precipitation analysis. The aim of this study is to show the importance of combining different precipitation analyses and verification methodologies to obtain a better knowledge of the skills of a forecasting system. In particular, a short range precipitation forecasting system based on MM5 (Grell et al. 1994) at 12 km coupled with LAPS is studied in a convective precipitation event that took place in NE Iberian Peninsula on October 3 rd 2008. For this purpose, a variety of verification methods (dichotomous, recalibration, and object oriented methods) are used to verify this case study. At the same time, different precipitation analyses are used in the verification process by interpolating radar data using different techniques (nearest neighbour, maximum value and mean box).

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of diabetic distress and disease related factors in patients with type 2 diabetes in n effective intervention Conclusion: It seems some keywords have a main role in diabetes distress such as emotional support, Tol et al. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders 2012, 11:20

*These authors contributed equally to this article. yTo whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed at the Laboratory of Retrovirology, 55 Claverick Street, 4th Floor,