Abstract not found

This study examines the relationship between use of Facebook, a popular online social network site, and the formation and maintenance of social capital. In addition to assessing bonding and bridging social capital, we explore a dimension of social capital that assesses one’s ability to stay connected with members of a previously inhabited community, which we call maintained social capital. Regression analyses conducted on results from a survey of undergraduate students (N = 286) suggest a strong association between use of Facebook and the three types of social capital, with the strongest rela-tionship being to bridging social capital. In addition, Facebook usage was found to interact with measures of psychological well-being, suggesting that it might provide greater benefits for users experiencing low self-esteem and low life satisfaction. doi:10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.x

The paper presents a review of 200 references in content-based image retrieval. The paper starts with discussing the working conditions of content-based retrieval: patterns of use, types of pictures, the role of semantics, and the sensory gap. Subsequent sections discuss computational steps for image retrieval systems. Step one of the review is image processing for retrieval sorted by color, texture, and local geometry. Features for retrieval are discussed next, sorted by: accumulative and global features, salient points, object and shape features, signs, and structural combinations thereof. Similarity of pictures and objects in pictures is reviewed for each of the feature types, in close connection to the types and means of feedback the user of the systems is capable of giving by interaction. We briefly discuss aspects of system engineering: databases, system architecture, and evaluation. In the concluding section, we present our view on: the driving force of the field, the heritage from computer vision, the influence on computer vision, the role of similarity and of interaction, the need for databases, the problem of evaluation, and the role of the semantic gap.

This paper has benefited from the detailed and perceptive comments of our reviewers, especially our shepherd Hank Levy. We thank Randy Katz and Eric Anderson for their detailed readings of early drafts of this paper, and David Culler for his ideas on TACC's potential as a model for cluster

Agent software is a rapidly developing area of research. However, the overuse of the word ‘agent ’ has tended to mask the fact that, in reality, there is a truly heterogeneous body of research being carried out under this banner. This overview paper presents a typology of agents. Next, it places agents in context, defines them and then goes on, inter alia, to overview critically the rationales, hypotheses, goals, challenges and state-of-the-art demonstrators of the various agent types in our typology. Hence, it attempts to make explicit much of what is usually implicit in the agents literature. It also proceeds to overview some other general issues which pertain to all the types of agents in the typology. This paper largely reviews software agents, and it also contains some strong opinions that are not necessarily widely accepted by the agent community. 1 1

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the mission of improving DoD’s understanding of the national security implications of the Information Age. Focusing upon improving both the state of the art and the state of the practice of command and control, the CCRP helps DoD take full advantage of the opportunities afforded by emerging technologies. The CCRP pursues a broad program of research and analysis in information superiority, information operations, command and control theory, and associated operational concepts that enable us to leverage shared awareness to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of assigned missions. An important aspect of the CCRP program is its ability to serve as a bridge between the operational, technical, analytical, and educational communities. The CCRP provides leadership for the command and control research community by: n n

This paper gives HRTF magnitude data in numerical form for 43 frequencies between 0.2---12 kHz, the average of 12 studies representing 100 different subjects. However, no phase data is included in the tables; group delay simulation would need to be included in order to account for ITD. In 3-D sound applications intended for many users, we want might want to use HRTFs that represent the common features of a number of individuals. But another approach might be to use the features of a person who has desirable HRTFs, based on some criteria. (One can sense a future 3-D sound system where the pinnae of various famous musicians are simulated.) A set of HRTFs from a good localizer (discussed in Chapter 2) could be used if the criterion were localization performance. If the localization ability of the person is relatively accurate or more accurate than average, it might be reasonable to use these HRTF measurements for other individuals. The Convolvotron 3-D audio system (Wenzel, Wightman, and Foster, 1988) has used such sets particularly because elevation accuracy is affected negatively when listening through a bad localizers ears (see Wenzel, et al., 1988). It is best when any single nonindividualized HRTF set is psychoacoustically validated using a 113 statistical sample of the intended user population, as shown in Chapter 2. Otherwise, the use of one HRTF set over another is a purely subjective judgment based on criteria other than localization performance. The technique used by Wightman and Kistler (1989a) exemplifies a laboratory-based HRTF measurement procedure where accuracy and replicability of results were deemed crucial. A comparison of their techniques with those described in Blauert (1983), Shaw (1974), Mehrgardt and Mellert (1977), Middlebrooks, Makous, and Gree...

Abstract not found

A multiple view system uses two or more distinct views to support the investigation of a single conceptual entity. Many such systems exist, ranging from computer-aided design (CAD) systems for chip design that display both the logical structure and the actual geometry of the integrated circuit