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Selling with Money-Back Guarantees: The Impact on Prices, Quantities, and Retail Profitability

by Tamer Boyacı
"... In this paper, we consider a retailer adopting a “money-back-guaranteed ” (MBG) sales policy, which allows customers to return products that do not meet their expectations back to the retailer for a full or partial refund. We use a two-stage optimization model, maximizing the retailer’s profits, in ..."
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In this paper, we consider a retailer adopting a “money-back-guaranteed ” (MBG) sales policy, which allows customers to return products that do not meet their expectations back to the retailer for a full or partial refund. We use a two-stage optimization model, maximizing the retailer’s profits

Agricultural Credit Problems and Policies During the Transition to a Market Economy in Central and Eastern Europe’. Food Policy 24

by Johan F. M. Swinnen, Hamish R. Gow , 1999
"... This paper assesses the problems of financing Central and Eastern European agriculture during the present transitionary period and the role of government in this process. Initially the paper looks at why credit markets work imperfectly, even in well developed market economies, focusing on problems r ..."
Abstract - Cited by 34 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper assesses the problems of financing Central and Eastern European agriculture during the present transitionary period and the role of government in this process. Initially the paper looks at why credit markets work imperfectly, even in well developed market economies, focusing on problems

The Optimal Cycle Time for EPQ Inventory Model of Deteriorating Items under Trade Credit Financing in the Fuzzy Sense

by Gour Chandra Mahata, Anindya Goswami , 2010
"... Normally, the real-world inventory control problems are imprecisely defined and human interventions are often required to solve these decision-making problems. In this paper, a realistic inventory model with imprecise inventory costs have been formulated for deteriorating items under trade credit p ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
policy within the economic production quantity (EPQ) framework. We assume that the supplier would offer the retailer a delay period and the retailer also adopts the trade credit policy to stimulate his/her customer demand to develop the retailer's replenishment model for deteriorating items under

Alternative Forms of External Finance: A Survey

by Stijn Claessens - The World Bank Research Observer, Volume 8, Number , 1993
"... For many developing countries, alternative forms of external finance—all forms of finance that are not guaranteed by or mediated through the public sector— have become increasingly important as traditional financing to the public sector has ebbed. Yet a survey of the literature reveals few recent an ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
For many developing countries, alternative forms of external finance—all forms of finance that are not guaranteed by or mediated through the public sector— have become increasingly important as traditional financing to the public sector has ebbed. Yet a survey of the literature reveals few recent

Capital Structure as a Strategic Variable: Evidence from Collective Bargaining

by David A. Matsa , 2006
"... Market power in the hands of a supplier — such as a labor union — affects a firm’s optimal debt policy. If a firm maintains a high level of liquidity, workers may be encouraged to raise wage demands. In the presence of external finance constraints, a firm has an incentive to use the cash flow demand ..."
Abstract - Cited by 40 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
Market power in the hands of a supplier — such as a labor union — affects a firm’s optimal debt policy. If a firm maintains a high level of liquidity, workers may be encouraged to raise wage demands. In the presence of external finance constraints, a firm has an incentive to use the cash flow

Stock wars: Inventory competition in a two-echelon supply chain with multiple retailers

by Gérard P. Cachon - Operations Research , 2001
"... This paper studies the competitive and cooperative selection of inventory policies in a two-echelon supply chain with one supplier and N retailers. Stochastic demand is monitored continuously. Retailers incur inventory holding and backorder penalty costs. The supplier incurs holding costs for its in ..."
Abstract - Cited by 39 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
, and change control. A set of contracts is provided that changes the firms ’ incentives so that the optimal policy is a Nash equilibrium. An equilibrium change can improve performance but does not guarantee optimal performance. To change control, the firms let the supplier choose all reorder points, a key

Integrating Spot and Futures Commodity Markets in the Optimal Procurement Policy of an Assemble-to-Order Manufacturer

by Ankur Goel, Genaro J. Gutierrez , 2004
"... This is a preliminary draft, and it is subject to revision. Please do not reproduce and distribute. Manufactures often rely on different types of long term contracts with established suppliers to procure goods often involving delivery lead times; however, the emergence of online B2B mar-kets provide ..."
Abstract - Cited by 4 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
This is a preliminary draft, and it is subject to revision. Please do not reproduce and distribute. Manufactures often rely on different types of long term contracts with established suppliers to procure goods often involving delivery lead times; however, the emergence of online B2B mar

Competing for Customer Goodwill on Product Availability

by George Liberopoulos, Isidoros Tsikis
"... We develop a newsvendor model of two suppliers that compete to sell the same type of items to a customer, repetitively, in discrete periods, for an infinite time horizon. At the beginning of each period, each supplier orders a number of items which he receives immediately. In each period, the custom ..."
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policies for both suppliers at equilibrium as a stochastic dynamic game, and we numerically solve the resulting optimality conditions for several instances of this problem. In all instances, the optimal ordering policy for each supplier turns out to be an “order-up-to ” policy. Key words: inventory theory

The Swedish pension reform model: Framework and issues, The World Bank SP Discussion Paper No. 0012

by Edward Palmer , 2000
"... This paper describes the recent Swedish reform and available options on major issues within this reform framework. In June 1994, Sweden’s Parliament passed legislation replacing the old defined benefit system with a combination of a pay-as-you-go notional defined contribution (NDC) and a DC privatel ..."
Abstract - Cited by 44 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
at this age, benefits from these systems will be supplemented up to the guarantee level, determined by Parliament and financed with a state budget transfer. This reflects the fact that the PAYG NDC and financial account schemes are designed to function autonomously from social policy. Life expectancy

Independence of Capacity Ordering and Financial Subsidies to Risky Suppliers ∗

by Volodymyr Babich , 2006
"... The risk of supply disruptions due to suppliers ’ financial problems plays a prominent role in manufacturers ’ risk portfolios. Even large suppliers (e.g. Delphi) could file for bankruptcy, and manufacturer’s actions, such as financial subsidies to the suppliers, affect profoundly suppliers’ financi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 10 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
’ financial health. Using a dynamic, stochastic, periodic-review model of the manufacturer’s joint capacity reservation and financial subsidy decisions and a firm-value model of the supplier’s financial state, this paper addresses the following questions: What is the optimal joint capacity ordering
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