Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 5.1 Normal Grammar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 5.1.1 Basic Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 5.1.2 Basic Specifications with Subsorts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 5.1.3 Structured Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 5.1.4 Architectural Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 5.1.5 Specification Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 5.2 Abbreviated Grammar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 5.2.1 Basic Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 5.2.2 Basic Specifications with Subsorts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 5.2.3 Structured Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 5.2.4 Architectural Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 5.2.5 Specification Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Page: XII *** FIRST PUBLIC DRAFT *** 17-Jul-2003/9:57 Contents XIII Part III Semantics 1

ModalCASL extends CASL by modal operators. Syntax for ordinarymodalities, multi-modal logics as well as term-modal logic (also covering dynamic logic) is provided. Specific modal logics can be obtainedvia restrictions to sublanguages. This document provides a detailed definition of the ModalCASL syntaxand an informal description of the semantics, building on the existing CASL Summary citeCoFI:2004:CASL-RM.

. The Common Framework Initiative (CoFI) is an open international collaboration which aims to provide a common framework for algebraic specification and development of software. The central element of the Common Framework is a specification language called Casl for formal specification

. The Common Framework Initiative (CoFI) is an open international collaboration which aims to provide a common framework for algebraic specification and development of software. The central element of the Common Framework is a specification language called Casl for formal specification

An open collaborative effort has been initiated: to design a common framework for algebraic specification and development of software.

's state of knowledge. This paper presents a general framework for formalizing and reasoning about knowledge in distributed systems. We argue that states of knowledge of groups of processors are useful concepts for the design and analysis of distributed protocols. In particular, distributed knowledge

This paper concerns relationships among focus of attention, choice of referring expression, and perceived coherence of utterances within a discourse segment. It presents a framework and initial theory of centering intended to model the local component of attentional state. The paper examines

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... a compiler framework designed to support transparent, lifelong program analysis and transformation for arbitrary programs, by providing high-level information to compiler transformations at compile-time, link-time, run-time, and in idle time between runs. LLVM defines a common, low-level code

by identifying common properties of the interference constraints. It is also shown that systems in which transmitter powers ...