On the Composition of Zero-Knowledge Proof Systems

On the Composition of Zero-Knowledge Proof Systems (1990)

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by Oded Goldreich , Hugo Krawczyk

Venue:	SIAM Journal on Computing
Citations:	168 - 14 self

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Datum	Value	Source
TITLE	On the Composition of Zero-Knowledge Proof Systems	INFERENCE
AUTHOR NAME	Oded Goldreich	SVM HeaderParse 0.1
AUTHOR AFFIL	Dept. of Computer Science IBM T.J. Watson Research Center; Technion, Haifa Yorktown Heights	SVM HeaderParse 0.2
AUTHOR ADDR	NY 10598; Israel U.S.A.	SVM HeaderParse 0.1
AUTHOR NAME	Hugo Krawczyk	SVM HeaderParse 0.1
AUTHOR AFFIL	Dept. of Computer Science IBM T.J. Watson Research Center; Technion, Haifa Yorktown Heights	SVM HeaderParse 0.2
AUTHOR ADDR	NY 10598; Israel U.S.A.	SVM HeaderParse 0.1
ABSTRACT	: The wide applicability of zero-knowledge interactive proofs comes from the possibility of using these proofs as subroutines in cryptographic protocols. A basic question concerning this use is whether the (sequential and/or parallel) composition of zero-knowledge protocols is zero-knowledge too. We demonstrate the limitations of the composition of zeroknowledge protocols by proving that the original definition of zero-knowledge is not closed under sequential composition; and that even the strong formulations of zero-knowledge (e.g. black-box simulation) are not closed under parallel execution. We present lower bounds on the round complexity of zero-knowledge proofs, with significant implications to the parallelization of zero-knowledge protocols. We prove that 3-round interactive proofs and constant-round Arthur-Merlin proofs that are black-box simulation zeroknowledge exist only for languages in BPP. In particular, it follows that the "parallel versions" of the first interactive proo...	user correction - Legacy Corrections
YEAR	1990	user correction - Legacy Corrections
VENUE	SIAM Journal on Computing	INFERENCE
VENUE TYPE	JOURNAL	INFERENCE
PAGES	169--192	INFERENCE
VOLUME	25	INFERENCE
CITATIONS	27 found	ParsCit 1.0