A comparison between elemental and compound training of cues in retrospective revaluation

A comparison between elemental and compound training of cues in retrospective revaluation

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by Martha Escobar , Oskar Pineño , Helena Matute

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TITLE	A comparison between elemental and compound training of cues in retrospective revaluation	SVM HeaderParse 0.2
AUTHOR NAME	Martha Escobar	SVM HeaderParse 0.2
AUTHOR ADDR	Universidad de Deusto, Bilbao, Spain	SVM HeaderParse 0.2
AUTHOR NAME	Oskar Pineño	SVM HeaderParse 0.2
AUTHOR NAME	Helena Matute	SVM HeaderParse 0.2
AUTHOR AFFIL	& Miller, 1996; Shanks, López, Darby, & Dickinson,	SVM HeaderParse 0.2
ABSTRACT	Associative learning theories assume that cue interaction and, specifically, retrospective revaluation occur only when the target cue is previously trained in compound with the to-be-revalued cue. However, there are recent demonstrations of retrospective revaluation in the absence of compound training (e.g., Matute & Pineño, 1998a, 1998b). Nevertheless, it seems reasonable to assume that cue interaction should be stronger when the cues are trained together than when they are trained apart. In two experiments with humans, we directly compared compound and elemental training of cues. The results showed that retrospective revaluation in the elemental condition can be as strong as and, sometimes, stronger than that in the compound condition. This suggests that within-compound associations are not necessary for retrospective revaluation to occur and that these effects can possibly be best understood in the framework of general interference theory. In the literature of animal conditioning and human associative learning, it is well known that if a cue, X, is consistently followed by an outcome, O (i.e., X–O), X is generally learned as a predictor of the occurrence of the outcome. It is also well known that responding to X in a subsequent test phase becomes altered if another cue, A, is trained in compound with X as a predictor of the same outcome. Some classic instances of these cue interaction effects in the animal learning literature are overshadowing (Pavlov, 1927), blocking (Kamin, 1968), conditioned inhibition (Pavlov, 1927), and the relative stimulus validity	SVM HeaderParse 0.2
CITATIONS	50 found	ParsCit 1.0