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EXTERNAL CONSTRAINTS ON PARTICIPATION OF LOCAL PEOPLE IN THE
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BibTeX
@MISC{Hayama_externalconstraints,
author = {Atsuko Hayama and Yoshiki Seki},
title = {EXTERNAL CONSTRAINTS ON PARTICIPATION OF LOCAL PEOPLE IN THE},
year = {}
}
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Abstract
Upland populations, both indigenous people and migrating settlers from the lowlands, were once considered as major culprits in accelerating the deforestation and degradation of forest lands in the Philippines. The treatment of these upland populations in the national forest policy changed drastically over time, from eviction to empowering them in forest management. Attempts to formulate people-oriented forest policies have been made since the 1970s, however, most of these have not realized the anticipated results. A major external constraint on participatory forest management appears to be an attitude which imposes government-designed forest projects on upland communities, where local people are requested to follow them, to act as toolｓ of the government. In most cases, these projects do not consider local conditions such as land use, people’s dependence on forest resources for their livelihood and the local value systems. Requiring local people to participate in such government-designed forest projects brings about only adverse effects, including resistance and conflicts between the government and local people, as well as among the local people themselves. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) may be expected to play substantial roles, not as instruments of the government, but as catalysts to empower the local people in formulating solutions on their own to existing problems. Bona fide participatory forest management will most likely work when they can function in that way.
Keyphrases
local people external constraint participation local people upland population government-designed forest project major external constraint likely work local value system non-governmental organization indigenous people substantial role local condition land use major culprit anticipated result forest management upland community forest resource people-oriented forest policy adverse effect bona fide participatory national forest policy
