BibTeX
@MISC{Smirnov09tokamakfoundation,
author = {V. P. Smirnov},
title = {Tokamak foundation in USSR/Russia},
year = {2009}
}
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Abstract
formulated the principles of magnetic confinement of high temperature plasmas, that would allow the development of a thermonuclear reactor. Following this, experimental research on plasma initiation and heating in toroidal systems began in 1951 at the Kurchatov Institute. From the very first devices with vessels made of glass, porcelain or metal with insulating inserts, work progressed to the operation of the first tokamak, T-1, in 1958. More machines followed and the first international collaboration in nuclear fusion, on the T-3 tokamak, established the tokamak as a promising option for magnetic confinement. Experiments continued and specialized machines were developed to test separately improvements to the tokamak concept needed for the production of energy. At the same time, research into plasma physics and tokamak theory was being undertaken which provides the basis for modern theoretical work. Since then, the tokamak concept has been refined by a world-wide effort and today we look forward to the successful operation of ITER. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version) At the opening ceremony of the United Nations First International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy held in Geneva in 1955, the outstanding Indian physicist Homi Bhabha stated that the conference would only be discussing the
Keyphrases
ussr russia tokamak foundation tokamak concept magnetic confinement modern theoretical work world-wide effort successful operation high temperature plasma electronic version united nation first international conference specialized machine opening ceremony kurchatov institute peaceful us experimental research thermonuclear reactor plasma initiation insulating insert atomic energy first device t-3 tokamak outstanding indian physicist homi bhabha nuclear fusion toroidal system first tokamak first international collaboration tokamak theory promising option plasma physic
