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Promoting training adaptations through nutritional interventions (2005)
| Citations: | 5 - 1 self |
BibTeX
@MISC{Hawley05promotingtraining,
author = {John A. Hawley and Kevin D. Tipton and Mindy L. Millard-stafford},
title = {Promoting training adaptations through nutritional interventions},
year = {2005}
}
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Abstract
Training and nutrition are highly interrelated in that optimal adaptation to the demands of repeated training sessions typically requires a diet that can sustain muscle energy reserves. As nutrient stores (i.e. muscle and liver glycogen) play a predominant role in the performance of prolonged, intense, intermittent exercise typical of the patterns of soccer match-play, and in the replenishment of energy reserves for subsequent training sessions, the extent to which acutely altering substrate availability might modify the training impulse has been a key research area among exercise physiologists and sport nutritionists for several decades. Although the major perturbations to cellular homeostasis and muscle substrate stores occur during exercise, the activation of several major signalling pathways important for chronic training adaptations take place during the first few hours of recovery, returning to baseline values within 24 h after exercise. This has led to the paradigm that many chronic training adaptations are generated by the cumulative effects of the transient events that occur during recovery from each (acute) exercise bout. Evidence is accumulating that nutrient supplementation can serve as a potent modulator of many of the acute responses to both endurance and resistance training. In this article, we review the molecular and cellular events that occur in skeletal muscle during exercise and subsequent recovery, and the potential for nutrient supplementation (e.g. carbohydrate, fat, protein) to affect many of the adaptive responses to training.
Keyphrases
training adaptation nutritional intervention nutrient supplementation cumulative effect adaptive response many chronic training adaptation nutrient store energy reserve exercise bout muscle substrate store cellular homeostasis major perturbation substrate availability potent modulator soccer match-play acute response sport nutritionist intermittent exercise typical transient event key research area skeletal muscle subsequent training session first hour subsequent recovery resistance training predominant role repeated training session training impulse cellular event several decade muscle energy reserve chronic training adaptation exercise physiologist optimal adaptation
