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Cutting the Electric Bill for Internet-Scale Systems

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by Asfandyar Qureshi , John Guttag , Rick Weber , Bruce Maggs , Hari Balakrishnan
Citations:39 - 0 self
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BibTeX

@MISC{Qureshi_cuttingthe,
    author = {Asfandyar Qureshi and John Guttag and Rick Weber and Bruce Maggs and Hari Balakrishnan},
    title = {Cutting the Electric Bill for Internet-Scale Systems},
    year = {}
}

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Abstract

Energy expenses are becoming an increasingly important fraction of data center operating costs. At the same time, the energy expense per unit of computation can vary significantly between two different locations. In this paper, we characterize the variation due to fluctuating electricity prices and argue that existing distributed systems should be able to exploit this variation for significant economic gains. Electricity prices exhibit both temporal and geographic variation, due to regional demand differences, transmission inefficiencies, and generation diversity. Starting with historical electricity prices, for twenty nine locations in the US, and network traffic data collected on Akamai’s CDN, we use simulation to quantify the possible economic gains for a realistic workload. Our results imply that existing systems may be able to save millions of dollars a year in electricity costs, by being cognizant of locational computation cost differences. Categories andSubject Descriptors

Citations

125 Power provisioning for a warehouse-sized computer - Fan, Weber, et al. - 2007
43 Powernap: eliminating server idle power - Meisner, Gold, et al.
43 Energy-aware server provisioning and load dispatching for connection-intensive internet services - Chen, He, et al. - 2008
34 The Trouble With Electricity Markets: Understanding California’s Restructuring Disaster - Borenstein
27 Markets for Power in the United States: An Interim Assessment.” Energy Journal - Joskow - 2006
19 Delivering Energy Proportionality with Non Energy-Proportional Systems - Optimizing the Ensemble - Tolia, Wang, et al. - 2008
12 Tech Titans Building Boom - Katz - 2009
9 GreenFS: Making enterprise computers greener by protecting them better - Joukov, Sipek - 2008
7 The case for energy- proportional computing - Barroso, Hölzle - 2007
5 The invisible crisis in the data center: The economic meltdown of Moore’s law,” Uptime Institute - Brill - 2007
2 data center energy efficiency, Final Report to - Server - 2007
2 Scalability best practices - Lessons from eBay. InfoQ http://www. infoq.com/articles/ebay-scalability-best-practices - Shoup - 2008
2 Hiding in Plain Sight, Google Seeks an Expansion - Markoff, Hansell - 2006
2 Time and location differentiated NOx control in competitive electricity markets using cap-and-trade mechanisms.” CEEPR Working - Martin, Joskow, et al. - 2007
1 Electricity Price Volatility and the Marginal Cost of Congestion: An Empirical - Hadsell, Shawky
1 Powering a Google Search,” Official Google Blog - Hölzle - 2009
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