PolyP extends a functional language (a subset of Haskell) with a construct for defining polytypic functions by induction on the structure of user-defined datatypes. Programs in the extended language are translated to Haskell. PolyLib contains powerful structured recursion operators like catamorphisms, maps and traversals, as well as polytypic versions of a number of standard functions from functional programming: sum, length, zip, (==), (6), etc. Both the specification of the library and a PolyP implementation are presented.

this paper, we propose an algorithm which can automatically turn all practical recursive definitions into structural hylomorphisms making program fusion be easily applied. 1 Introduction

. These notes discuss the simultaneous use of generalised fold operators and monads to structure functional programs. Generalised fold operators structure programs after the decomposition of the value they consume. Monads structure programs after the computation of the value they produce. Our programs abstract both from the recursive processing of their input as well as from the side-effects in computing their output. We show how generalised monadic folds aid in calculating an efficient graph reduction engine from an inefficient specification. 1 Introduction Should I structure my program after the decomposition of the value it consumes or after the computation of the value it produces? Some [Bir89, Mee86, Mal90, Jeu90, MFP91] argue in favour of structuring programs after the decomposition of the value they consume. Such syntax directed programs are written using a limited set of recursion functionals. These functionals, called catamorphisms or generalised fold operators are naturally ...

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We present an alternative approach to shortcut fusion based on the function unfoldr. Despite its simplicity the technique can remove intermediate lists in examples which are known to be difficult. We show that it can remove all lists from definitions involving zip-like functions and functions using accumulating parameters.

Fusion, one of the most useful transformation tactics for deriving efficient programs, is the process whereby separate pieces of programs are fused into a single one, leading to an efficient program with no intermediate data structures produced. In this paper, we report our on-going investigation on the design and implementation of an automatic transformation system HYLO which performs fusion transformation in a more systematic and more general way than any other systems. The distinguished point of our system is its calculational feature based on simple application of transformation laws rather than traditional search-based transformation. Keywords Program Transformation, Fusion, Constructive Algorithmics, Bird-Meertens Formalisms 1 INTRODUCTION Program transformation has been advocated as the linchpin of a programming paradigm in which the derivation of efficient programs from naive specification of problems is a formal and mechanically supported process [PP93]. It does not attempt ...

Tupling is a well-known transformation tactic to obtain new efficient recursive functions by grouping some recursive functions into a tuple. It may be applied to eliminate multiple traversals over the common data structure. The major difficulty in tupling transformation is to find what functions are to be tupled and how to transform the tupled function into an efficient one. Previous approaches to tupling transformation are essentially based on fold/unfold transformation. Though general, they suffer from the high cost of keeping track of function calls to avoid infinite unfolding, which prevents them from being used in a compiler. To remedy this situation, we propose a new method to expose recursive structures in recursive definitions and show how this structural information can be explored for calculating out efficient programs by means of tupling. Our new tupling calculation algorithm can eliminate most of multiple data traversals and is easy to be implemented. 1 Introduction Tupli...

This paper presents an automatic deforestation system, stream fusion, based on equational transformations, that fuses a wider range of functions than existing short-cut fusion systems. In particular, stream fusion is able to fuse zips, left folds and functions over nested lists, including list comprehensions. A distinguishing feature of the framework is its simplicity: by transforming list functions to expose their structure, intermediate values are eliminated by general purpose compiler optimisations. We have reimplemented the Haskell standard List library on top of our framework, providing stream fusion for Haskell lists. By allowing a wider range of functions to fuse, we see an increase in the number of occurrences of fusion in typical Haskell programs. We present benchmarks documenting time and space improvements.

this paper, we shall formulate accumulations as higher order catamorphisms , and propose several general transformation rules for calculating accumulations (i.e., finding and manipulating accumulations) by calculation-based (rather than a search-based) program transformation methods. Some examples are given for illustration.

Software engineering has to reconcile modularity with e- ciency. One way to grapple with this dilemma is to automatically transform a modular-specied program into an ecient-implementable one.