We show that quantum computation can be decomposed in a pure classical (functional) part and an effectful part modeling probabilities and measurement. The effectful part can be modeled using a generalization of monads called arrows. Both the functional and effectful parts can be elegantly expressed in the Haskell programming language. 1

Abstract. Reversible computation has a growing number of promising application areas such as the modelling of biochemical systems, program debugging and testing, and even programming languages for quantum computing. We formulate a procedure for converting operators of standard algebraic process calculi such as CCS, ACP and CSP into reversible operators, while preserving their operational semantics. 1

Logics for reasoning about quantum states have been given in the literature. In this paper, we extend one such logic with temporal constructs mimicking the standard computational tree logic used to reason about classical transition systems. We investigate the model-checking problem for this temporal quantum logic and illustrate its use by reasoning about the BB84 key distribution protocol.

We introduce the language QML, a functional language for quantum computations on finite types. QML introduces quantum data and control structures, and integrates reversible and irreversible quantum computation. QML is based on strict linear logic, hence weakenings, which may lead to decoherence, have to be explicit. We present an operational semantics of QML programs using quantum circuits, and a denotational semantics using superoperators.

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Quantum pseudo-telepathy is an intriguing phenomenon which results from the application of quantum information theory to communication complexity. To demonstrate this phenomenon researchers in the field of quantum communication complexity devised a number of quantum non-locality games. The setting of these games is as follows: the players are separated so that no communication between them is possible and are given a certain computational task. When the players have access to a quantum resource called entanglement, they can accomplish the task: something that is impossible in a classical setting. To an observer who is unfamiliar with the laws of quantum mechanics it seems that the players employ some sort of telepathy; that is, they somehow exchange information without sharing a communication channel. This paper provides a formal framework for specifying, implementing, and analysing quantum non-locality games.

Abstract. We propose an extension of the traditional λ-calculus in which terms are used to control an outside computing device (quantum computer, DNA computer...). We introduce two new binders: ν and ρ. In νx.M, x denotes an abstract resource of the outside computing device, whereas in ρx.M, x denotes a concrete resource. These two binders have different properties (in terms of α-conversion, scope extrusion, convertibility) than the ones of standard λ-binder. We illustrate the potential benefits of our approach with a study of a quantum computing language in which these new binders prove meaningful. We introduce a typing system for this quantum computing framework in which linearity is only required for concrete quantum bits offering a greater expressiveness than previous propositions. 1

The Quantum IO monad is a purely functional interface to quantum programming implemented as a Haskell library. At the same time it provides a constructive semantics of quantum programming. The QIO monad separates reversible (i.e. unitary) and irreversible (i.e. probabilistic) computations and provides a reversible let operation (ulet), allowing us to use ancillas (auxiliary qubits) in a modular fashion. QIO programs can be simulated either by calculating a probability distribution or by embedding it into the IO monad using the random number generator. As an example we present a complete implementation of Shor’s algorithm.

Abstract. We present a formal framework for specifying, implementing, and analysing quantum communication protocols. 1

Logics for reasoning about quantum states and their evolution have been given in the literature. In this paper we consider Quantum Computation Tree Logic (QCTL), which adds temporal modalities to exogenous quantum propositional logic. We give a sound and complete axiomatization of QCTL and combine the standard CTL model-checking algorithm with the dEQPL model-checking algorithm to obtain a model-checking algorithm for QCTL. Finally we illustrate the use of the logic by reasoning about the BB84 key distribution protocol.