Grids are becoming economically viable and productive tools. They provide a way of utilizing a vast array of linked resources such as computing systems, databases and services online within Virtual Organizations (VO). However, today’s Grid architectures are not capable of supporting dynamic, agile federation across multiple administrative domains and the main barrier, which hinders dynamic federation over short time scales is security. Federating security and trust is one of the most significant architectural issues in Grids. Existing relevant standards and specifications can be used to federate security services, but do not directly address the dynamic extension of business trust relationships into the digital domain. In this paper we describe an experiment which highlights those challenging architectural issues and forms the basis of an approach that combines a dynamic trust federation and a dynamic authorization mechanism for addressing dynamic security trust federation in Grids. The experiment made with the prototype described in this paper is used in the NextGRID project to define the requirements of next generation Grid architectures adapted to business application needs.

Abstract. Utility computing is a service provisioning model which will provide adaptive, flexible and simple access to computing resources, enabling a pay-per-use model for computing similar to traditional utilities such as water, gas or electricity. On the other hand, grid technology provides standard functionality for flexible integration of diverse distributed resources. This paper describes and evaluates an innovative solution for utility computing, based on grid federation, which can be easily deployed on any infrastructure based on the Globus Toolkit. This solution exhibits many advantages in terms of security, scalability and site autonomy, and achieves good performance, as shown by results, mainly with computeintensive applications. 1

This paper presents a generic approach for developing and using Grid-based workflow technology for enabling cross-organizational engineering applications. Using industrial product design examples from the automotive and aerospace industries we highlight the main requirements and challenges addressed by our approach and describe how it can be used for enabling interoperability between heterogeneous workflow engines. 1.

Abstract. This paper addresses necessary modification and extensions of existing Grid Computing approaches in order to meet nowadays business demand. So far, Grid Computing has been used to solve large scientific problems. Consequently, the focus was more on compute power and on large input and output files that are typical for many scientific problems. Nowadays businesses have an increasing demand on computation and thus are investigating existing Grid approaches. However, the existing business requirements introduce new constraints on the design, configuration and operation of the underlying systems. Such constraints affect the availability of resources, the performance, monitoring aspects, security and isolation issues. Thus, this paper addresses the existing Grid Computing capabilities and discusses the additional demand in detail. This results in a suggestion of problem areas that must be investigated and corresponding technologies that should be used within future Business Grid systems. 1

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Cloud computing is a newly emerged computing infrastructure that builds on the latest achievements of diverse research areas, such as Grid computing, Service-oriented computing, business process management and virtualization. An important characteristic of Cloud-based services is the provision of non-functional guarantees in the form of Service Level Agreements (SLAs), such as guarantees on execution time or price. However, due to system malfunctions, changing workload conditions, hard- and software failures, established SLAs can be violated. In order to avoid costly SLA violations, flexible and adaptive SLA attainment strategies are needed. In this paper we investigate the application of autonomic computing to SLA-based resource virtualization considering a three-layered Cloud based infrastructure including agreement negotiation, service brokering and deployment using virtualization. For each layer we exemplify how the principles of autonomic computing can be applied to achieve component self-management.

The shift of grids from providing compute power on sharing basis to commercial purposes, even though has not fully unfolded and still mostly limited to research, has led to various technical advancements paved a way to make utility grids a reality. Those advancements favor the application of market-based mechanisms for Grid systems by providing various pre-requisites on technical and economic sides. The creation of pervasive grid requires integration view of scalable system architecture, resource management and scheduling, and market models as shown in Figure 1. This chapter summarizes the recent advances toward the vision of utility grids. First, it specifies all the requirements of a utility grid and presents an abstract model to conceptualize essential infrastructure needed to support this vision. Then, a taxonomy and survey of the current marketoriented and system-oriented schedulers is provided, examining the contribution and the outstanding issues of each system in terms of utility grid‟s requirements. This survey is intended to help researchers to make cooperative effort towards the goal of utility grids and provide insights for extending and reusing the existing grid middleware.

Abstract. As the future pervasive and ubiquitous computing environment will be composed of resources from local computing, Grid, SOA and Web infrastructures, the complexity of this distributed system will increase significantly. At the same time the end user wants easy and simple access to his computing environment while he receives more responsibilities i.e. for the composition and the management of the system. In order to perform his daily work, the end user needs a general workbench toolset which supports customisation and contextualisation for the user. The g-Eclipse framework offers an eco-system to access Grid infrastructures with support for contextualised user roles. Currently, the g-Eclipse framework includes contextualised perspectives for Grid end users, Grid resource provider and Grid application developers. The abstraction layer of the g-Eclipse system, its integration in the Eclipse framework and the main use cases are presented. 1