Abstract. We present a size-aware type system for first-order shapely function definitions. Here, a function definition is called shapely when the size of the result is determined exactly by a polynomial in the sizes of the arguments. Examples of shapely function definitions may be matrix multiplication and the Cartesian product of two lists. The type checking problem for the type system is shown to be undecidable in general. We define a natural syntactic restriction such that the type checking becomes decidable, even though size polynomials are not necessarily linear or monotonic. Furthermore, a method that infers polynomial size dependencies for a non-trivial class of function definitions is suggested. 1

Abstract. We present a size-aware type system for first-order shapely function definitions. Here, a function definition is called shapely when the size of the result is determined exactly by a polynomial in the sizes of the arguments. Examples of shapely function definitions may be implementations of matrix multiplication and the Cartesian product of two lists. The type system is proved to be sound w.r.t. the operational semantics of the language. The type checking problem is shown to be undecidable in general. We define a natural syntactic restriction such that the type checking becomes decidable, even though size polynomials are not necessarily linear or monotonic. Furthermore, we have shown that the type-inference problem is at least semi-decidable (under this restriction). We have implemented a procedure that combines run-time testing and type-checking to automatically obtain size dependencies. It terminates on total typable function definitions. 2000 ACM Subject Classification: F.4.1[Mathematical logic and formal languages]: Mathematical logic – Lambda calculus and related systems, Logic and constraint programming; F.2.2 [Analysis of algorithms and

static non-monotonically sized types

Abstract: We present a size-aware type system for a first-order functional language with algebraic data types, where types are annotated with polynomials over size variables. We define how to generate typing rules for each data type, provided its user defined size function meets certain requirements. As an example, a program for balancing binary trees is type checked. The type system is shown to be sound with respect to the operational semantics in the class of shapely functions. Type checking is shown to be undecidable, however, decidability for a large subset of programs is guaranteed. Embedded systems or server applications often have limited resources available. Therefore, it can be important to know in advance how much time or memory a computation is going to take, for instance, to determine how much memory should at least be put in a system to enable all desired operations. This helps

Vol. 5 (2:10) 2009, pp. 1–35 www.lmcs-online.org