The increased importance of XML as a universal data representation format has led to several proposals for enabling the development of applications that operate on XML data. These proposals range from runtime API-based interfaces to XML-based programming languages. The subject of this paper is XJ, a research language that proposes novel mechanisms for the integration of XML as a first-class construct into Java. The design goals of XJ distinguish it from past work on integrating XML support into programming languages --- specifically, the XJ design adheres to the XML Schema and XPath standards, and supports in-place updates of XML data thereby keeping with the imperative nature of Java. We have also built a prototype compiler for XJ, and our preliminary experimental results demonstrate that the performance of XJ programs can approach that of traditional low level API-based interfaces, while providing a higher level of abstraction.

A PEC is a Pattern Enforcing Compiler, which is like a conventional compiler only extended to include the extra checks needed to enforce design patterns. PECs are currently a research project and the PEC written is targeted at the Java programming language. This paper: