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15
Social Signal Processing: Survey of an Emerging Domain
, 2008
"... The ability to understand and manage social signals of a person we are communicating with is the core of social intelligence. Social intelligence is a facet of human intelligence that has been argued to be indispensable and perhaps the most important for success in life. This paper argues that next- ..."
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Cited by 153 (32 self)
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The ability to understand and manage social signals of a person we are communicating with is the core of social intelligence. Social intelligence is a facet of human intelligence that has been argued to be indispensable and perhaps the most important for success in life. This paper argues that next-generation computing needs to include the essence of social intelligence – the ability to recognize human social signals and social behaviours like turn taking, politeness, and disagreement – in order to become more effective and more efficient. Although each one of us understands the importance of social signals in everyday life situations, and in spite of recent advances in machine analysis of relevant behavioural cues like blinks, smiles, crossed arms, laughter, and similar, design and development of automated systems for Social Signal Processing (SSP) are rather difficult. This paper surveys the past efforts in solving these problems by a computer, it summarizes the relevant findings in social psychology, and it proposes a set of recommendations for enabling the development of the next generation of socially-aware computing.
Social Signal Processing: State-of-the-art and future perspectives of an emerging domain
- IN PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMEDIA
, 2008
"... The ability to understand and manage social signals of a person we are communicating with is the core of social intelligence. Social intelligence is a facet of human intelligence that has been argued to be indispensable and perhaps the most important for success in life. This paper argues that next- ..."
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Cited by 27 (7 self)
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The ability to understand and manage social signals of a person we are communicating with is the core of social intelligence. Social intelligence is a facet of human intelligence that has been argued to be indispensable and perhaps the most important for success in life. This paper argues that next-generation computing needs to include the essence of social intelligence – the ability to recognize human social signals and social behaviours like politeness, and disagreement – in order to become more effective and more efficient. Although each one of us understands the importance of social signals in everyday life situations, and in spite of recent advances in machine analysis of relevant behavioural cues like blinks, smiles, crossed arms, laughter, and similar, design and development of automated systems for Social Signal Processing (SSP) are rather difficult. This paper surveys the past efforts in solving these problems by a computer, it summarizes the relevant findings in social psychology, and it proposes aset of recommendations for enabling the development of the next generation of socially-aware computing.
Why are narcissists so charming at first sight? Decoding the narcissismpopularity link at zero acquaintance
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
"... On the basis of a realistic behavioral approach, the authors showed that narcissists are popular at zero acquaintance and aimed to explain why this is the case. In Study 1, a group of psychology freshmen (N 73) judged each other on the basis of brief self-introductions using a large round-robin desi ..."
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Cited by 26 (2 self)
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On the basis of a realistic behavioral approach, the authors showed that narcissists are popular at zero acquaintance and aimed to explain why this is the case. In Study 1, a group of psychology freshmen (N 73) judged each other on the basis of brief self-introductions using a large round-robin design (2,628 dyads). Three main findings were revealed: First, narcissism leads to popularity at first sight. Second, the aspects of narcissism that are most maladaptive in the long run (exploitativeness/entitlement) proved to be most attractive at zero acquaintance. Third, an examination of observable verbal and nonverbal behaviors as well as aspects of physical appearance provided an explanation for why narcissists are more popular at first sight. Results were confirmed using judgments of uninvolved perceivers under 3 different conditions for which the amount of available information was varied systematically: (a) full information (video and sound, Study 2), (b) nonverbal information only (video only, Study 3), or (c) physical information only (still photograph of clothing, Study 4). These findings have important implications for understanding the inter- and intrapersonal dynamics of narcissism.
Social signals, their function, and automatic analysis: a survey
- In Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimodal interfaces
, 2008
"... ABSTRACT Social Signal Processing (SSP) aims at the analysis of social behaviour in both Human-Human and Human-Computer interactions. SSP revolves around automatic sensing and interpretation of social signals, complex aggregates of nonverbal behaviours through which individuals express their attitu ..."
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Cited by 14 (2 self)
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ABSTRACT Social Signal Processing (SSP) aims at the analysis of social behaviour in both Human-Human and Human-Computer interactions. SSP revolves around automatic sensing and interpretation of social signals, complex aggregates of nonverbal behaviours through which individuals express their attitudes towards other human (and virtual) participants in the current social context. As such, SSP integrates both engineering (speech analysis, computer vision, etc.) and human sciences (social psychology, anthropology, etc.) as it requires multimodal and multidisciplinary approaches. As of today, SSP is still in its early infancy, but the domain is quickly developing, and a growing number of works is appearing in the literature. This paper provides an introduction to nonverbal behaviour involved in social signals and a survey of the main results obtained so far in SSP. It also outlines possibilities and challenges that SSP is expected to face in the next years if it is to reach its full maturity.
A closer look at first sight: Social relations lens model analysis of personality and interpersonal attraction at zero acquaintance
- European Journal of Personality
, 2011
"... All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. ..."
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Cited by 10 (2 self)
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All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
Effects of Dynamic Attributes of Smiles in Human and Synthetic Faces: A Simulated Job Interview Setting
"... We examined the effects of the temporal quality of smile displays on impressions and decisions made in a simulated job interview. We also investigated whether similar judgments were made in response to synthetic (Study 1) and human facial stimuli (Study 2). Participants viewed short video excerpts o ..."
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Cited by 7 (1 self)
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We examined the effects of the temporal quality of smile displays on impressions and decisions made in a simulated job interview. We also investigated whether similar judgments were made in response to synthetic (Study 1) and human facial stimuli (Study 2). Participants viewed short video excerpts of female interviewees exhibiting dynamic authentic smiles, dynamic fake smiles or neutral expressions, and rated them with respect to a number of attributes. In both studies, perceivers ’ judgments and employment decisions were significantly shaped by the temporal quality of smiles, with dynamic authentic smiles generally leading to more favorable job, person, and expression ratings than dynamic fake smiles or neutral expressions. Furthermore, authentically smiling interviewees were judged to be more suitable and were more likely to be short-listed and selected for the job. The findings show a high degree of correspondence in the effects created by synthetic and human facial stimuli, suggesting that temporal features of smiles similarly influence perceivers’ judgments and decisions across the two types of stimulus.
What is in a smile
- Psychology of Women Quarterly
, 1987
"... Women have been observed to smile more than men in a variety of social contexts. In order to investigate the consequences of this sex difference for the way men and women are perceived, male and female college students rated the characteristics of men and women depicted in verbal descriptions accomp ..."
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Cited by 6 (0 self)
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Women have been observed to smile more than men in a variety of social contexts. In order to investigate the consequences of this sex difference for the way men and women are perceived, male and female college students rated the characteristics of men and women depicted in verbal descriptions accompanied by photographs in which they either smiled or did not smile. In control conditions these targets were rated without accompanying photographs. The findings showed that the absence of smiles had a greater impact on perceptions of women than on perceptions of men.. When not smiling, women were perceived as DY, less carefree and less relaxed than were men.-Moreover, %ing women were rated less hapav, less warm, less re-less carefree than the average woman, whereas smiling men were r a 2 more favorably on those traits than the average man. These result< suggest that different standa3s are applied to men and women. If women fail to perform expressive and warm nonverbal behavior, they will be
Saying it like it isn't: Mixed messages from men and women in the workplace
- Journal of Applied Social Psychology
, 2002
"... Participants in a simulated work environment were exposed to I of 4 feedback conditions that varied in verbal and nonverbal positivity (positive contentlpositive tone, positive contenvnegative tone, negative contentlpositive tone, or negative contentlnegative tone). Either a male or a female supervi ..."
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Cited by 2 (2 self)
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Participants in a simulated work environment were exposed to I of 4 feedback conditions that varied in verbal and nonverbal positivity (positive contentlpositive tone, positive contenvnegative tone, negative contentlpositive tone, or negative contentlnegative tone). Either a male or a female supervisor provided this feedback. Results indicate that both productivity and general work satisfaction varied by feedback condition and gender. For example, female subordinates reported higher rates of satisfaction to positive contentlnegative tone messages and male subordinates reported higher rates of satisfaction to negative contentlpositive tone messages. Additionally, the productivity of male subordinates with male supervisors appeared to be distinctly influenced by positive tone relative to all other dyadic compositions. These results demonstrate the importance of examining both verbal and nonverbal components of feedback messages, along with the gender of the supervisor and subordinate. If we are fortunate, our interactions with our superiors in the workplace are not ambiguous or vague. They are straightforward, informative, and goal directed. Often, however, this may be far from the case. Our superiors might send
Original Article Are there nonverbal cues to commitment? An exploratory study using
"... Abstract: Altruism is difficult to explain evolutionarily if subtle cheaters exist in a population (Trivers, 1971). A pathway to the evolutionary maintenance of cooperation is nonverbal altruist-detection. One adaptive advantage of nonverbal altruist-detection is the formation of trustworthy divisio ..."
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Abstract: Altruism is difficult to explain evolutionarily if subtle cheaters exist in a population (Trivers, 1971). A pathway to the evolutionary maintenance of cooperation is nonverbal altruist-detection. One adaptive advantage of nonverbal altruist-detection is the formation of trustworthy division of labour partnerships (Frank, 1988). Three studies were designed to test a fundamental assumption behind altruistic partner preference models. In the first experiment perceivers (blind with respect to target altruism level) made assessments of video-clips depicting self-reported altruists and self-reported non-altruists. Video-clips were designed with attempts to control for attractiveness, expressiveness, role-playing ability, and verbal content. Overall perceivers rated altruists as more “helpful” than non-altruists. In a second experiment manipulating the payoffs for cooperation, perceivers (blind with respect to payoff condition and altruism level) assessed altruists who were helping others as more “concerned ” and “attentive” than non-altruists. However perceivers assessed the same altruists as less “concerned ” and “attentive ” than non-altruists when the payoffs were for self.
INTERACTION STRUCTURE
, 1987
"... THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE. OF __ _ oo_c_t_o_r_o_f_P_h_i_lo_s_o_p_h_Y ___________ _ _ ..."
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THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE. OF __ _ oo_c_t_o_r_o_f_P_h_i_lo_s_o_p_h_Y ___________ _ _
