This paper gives HRTF magnitude data in numerical form for 43 frequencies between 0.2---12 kHz, the average of 12 studies representing 100 different subjects. However, no phase data is included in the tables; group delay simulation would need to be included in order to account for ITD. In 3-D sound applications intended for many users, we want might want to use HRTFs that represent the common features of a number of individuals. But another approach might be to use the features of a person who has desirable HRTFs, based on some criteria. (One can sense a future 3-D sound system where the pinnae of various famous musicians are simulated.) A set of HRTFs from a good localizer (discussed in Chapter 2) could be used if the criterion were localization performance. If the localization ability of the person is relatively accurate or more accurate than average, it might be reasonable to use these HRTF measurements for other individuals. The Convolvotron 3-D audio system (Wenzel, Wightman, and Foster, 1988) has used such sets particularly because elevation accuracy is affected negatively when listening through a bad localizers ears (see Wenzel, et al., 1988). It is best when any single nonindividualized HRTF set is psychoacoustically validated using a 113 statistical sample of the intended user population, as shown in Chapter 2. Otherwise, the use of one HRTF set over another is a purely subjective judgment based on criteria other than localization performance. The technique used by Wightman and Kistler (1989a) exemplifies a laboratory-based HRTF measurement procedure where accuracy and replicability of results were deemed crucial. A comparison of their techniques with those described in Blauert (1983), Shaw (1974), Mehrgardt and Mellert (1977), Middlebrooks, Makous, and Gree...

Techniques are described for reducing complexity in stringed instrument simulation for purposes of digital synthesis. These include commuting losses and dispersion to consolidate them into a single lter, replacing body resonators by look-up tables, simplied bow-string interaction, and single-lter, multiply-free coupled strings implementation. Contents 1 Digital Waveguide Theory 2 2 The Terminated String 4 3 Simplied Body Filters 5 4 Simplied Bowed Strings 8 5 Coupled Strings 10 6 Summary 14 7 Appendix 14 1 Page 2 1 Digital Waveguide Theory This section summarizes the digital waveguide model for vibrating strings. Further details can be found in [Smith 1992]. Position y (t,x) 0 x . . . . . . 0 K String Tension e = Mass/Length Figure 1: The ideal vibrating string. The wave equation for the ideal (lossless, linear, exible) vibrating string, depicted in Fig. 1, is given by Ky 00 = y where K = string tension y = y(t; x) = linear mass density _ y...

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In this work, computer based education (CBE) methods are applied to signal processing. The work consists of developing a CBE environment for signal to Signal Processing ” with that environment. The application was used as training material within the course “Fundamentals of Acoustics I ” and based on that, a user feedback analysis was performed. An overview of computer based education theory and principles is presented.

In this work, computer based education (CBE) methods are applied to signal processing. The work consists of developing a CBE environment for signal to Signal Processing ” with that environment. The application was used as training material within the course “Fundamentals of Acoustics I ” and based on that, a user feedback analysis was performed. An overview of computer based education theory and principles is presented.