1.1. Simplicial sets 5 1.2. Symmetric spectra 6

In recent years the theory of structured ring spectra (formerly known as A # - and E # -ring spectra) has been signicantly simplified by the discovery of categories of spectra with strictly associative and commutative smash products. Now a ring spectrum can simply be dened as a monoid with respect to the smash product in one of these new categories of spectra. In order to make use of all of the standard tools from homotopy theory, it is important to have a Quillen model category structure [##] available here. In this paper we provide a general method for lifting model structures to categories of rings, algebras, and modules. This includes, but is not limited to, each of the new theories of ring spectra. One model for structured ring spectra is given by the S-algebras of [##]. This example has the special feature that every object is brant, which makes it easier to fo...

The purpose of this paper is to set up a theory of generalized operads and multicategories and to use it as a language in which to propose a definition of weak n-category. Included is a full explanation of why the proposed definition of n-category is a reasonable one, and of what happens when n <= 2. Generalized operads and multicategories play other parts in higher-dimensional algebra too, some of which are outlined here: for instance, they can be used to simplify the opetopic approach to n-categories expounded by Baez, Dolan and others, and are a natural language in which to discuss enrichment of categorical structures.

. Monads can be used to model term rewriting systems by generalising the well-known equivalence between universal algebra and monads on the category Set. In [Lu96], the usefulness of this semantics was demonstrated by giving a purely categorical proof of the modularity of confluence for the disjoint union of term rewriting systems (Toyama's theorem). This paper provides further support for the use of monads in term rewriting by giving a categorical proof of the most general theorem concerning the modularity of strong normalisation. In the process, we also improve upon some technical aspects of the earlier work. 1 Introduction Term rewriting systems (TRSs) are widely used throughout computer science as they provide an abstract model of computation while retaining a relatively simple syntax and semantics. Reasoning about large term rewriting systems can be very difficult and an alternative is to define structuring operations which build large term rewriting systems from smaller ones. Of...

Abstract. For manifolds with freely generated first homology, we characterize gerbes with connection as functors on a certain surface cobordism category. This allows us to relate gerbes with connection to Turaev’s 1+1-dimensional homotopy quantum field theories, and we show that flat gerbes on such spaces as above are the same as a specific class of rank one homotopy quantum field theories.

Term rewriting systems are widely used throughout computer science as they provide an abstract model of computation while retaining a comparatively simple syntax and semantics. In order to reason within large term rewriting systems, structuring operations are used to build large term rewriting systems from smaller ones. Of particular interest is whether key properties are modular, thatis,ifthe components of a structured term rewriting system satisfy a property, then does the term rewriting system as a whole? A body of literature addresses this problem, but most of the results and proofs depend on strong syntactic conditions and do not easily generalize. Although many specific modularity results are known, a coherent framework which explains the underlying principles behind these results is lacking. This thesis posits that part of the problem is the usual, concrete and syntaxoriented semantics of term rewriting systems, and that a semantics is needed which on the one hand elides unnecessary syntactic details but on the other hand still possesses enough expressive power to model the key concepts arising from

The simplicial objects in an algebraic category admit an abstract homotopy theory via a Quillen model category structure. We show that the associated stable homotopy theory is completely determined by a ring spectrum functorially associated with the algebraic theory. For several familiar algebraic theories we can identify the parameterizing ring spectrum; for other theories we obtain new examples of ring spectra. For the theory of commutative algebras we obtain a ring spectrum which is related to AndreH}Quillen homology via certain spectral sequences. We show that the (co-)homology of an algebraic theory is isomorphic to the topological Hochschild (co-)homology of the parameterizing ring spectrum. # 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. MSC: 55U35; 18C10 Keywords: Algebraic theories; Ring spectra; AndreH}Quillen homology; #-spaces The original motivation for this paper came from the attempt to generalize a rational result about the homotopy theory of commutative rings. For...

For a symmetric monoidal-closed category V and a suitable monad T on the category of sets, we introduce the notion of reflexive and transitive (T , V)-algebra and show that various old and new structures are instances of such algebras. Lawvere's presentation of a metric space as a V-category is included in our setting, via the Betti-Carboni-Street-Walters interpretation of a V-category as a monad in the bicategory of V-matrices, and so are Barr's presentation of topological spaces as lax algebras, Lowen's approach spaces, and Lambek's multicategories, which enjoy renewed interest in the study of n-categories. As a further example, we introduce a new structure called ultracategory which simultaneously generalizes the notions of topological space and of category.

This article proposes a compositional semantics for term rewriting systems, i.e. a semantics preserving structuring operations such as the disjoint union. The semantics is based on the categorical construct of a monad, adapting the treatment of universal algebra in category theory to term rewriting systems. As an example, the preservation of confluence under the disjoint union of two term rewriting systems is shown, obtaining an algebraic proof of Toyama's theorem, generalised slightly to term rewriting systems introducing variables on the right-hand side of the rules.

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