Numerous studies have provided evidence for the efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy (EMDR) in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), including recent studies showing it to be more efficient than therapist-directed flooding. But few theoretical explanations of how EMDR might work have been offered. Shapiro, in her original description of EMDR, proposed that its directed eye movements mimic the saccades of rapid eye movement sleep (REM), but provided no clear explanation of how such mimicry might lead to clinical improvement. We now revisit her original proposal and present a complete model for how EMDR could lead to specific improvement in PTSD and related conditions. We propose that the repetitive redirecting of attention in EMDR induces a neurobiological state, similar to that of REM sleep, which is optimally configured to support the cortical integration of traumatic memories into general semantic networks. We suggest that this integration can then lead to a reduction in the strength of hippocampally mediated episodic memories of the traumatic event as well as the memories ’ associated, amygdala-dependent, negative affect. Experimental data in support of this model are reviewed and possible tests of the model are

Implicit Laboratory Association (ImpLab) is a registered association aimed to foster research and facilitate debate on issues related to implicit cognition. The second annual Workshop of ImpLab was held in June 2007 at Budapest. Cognitive researchers, psychologists, physicists, entrepreneurs, economics and financial experts examined The Role of Intuition in Decision-making and Economics. Participants of the workshop discussed the latest scientific findings of how human intuitive, non-conscious processes could improve business decisions.