this paper is the study of polynomials with integer coe#cients that minimize the sup norm on the set E. In particular, we consider the asymptotic behavior of these polynomials and of their zeros. Let P n (C) and P n (Z) be the classes of algebraic polynomials of degree at most n, respectively with complex and with integer coe#cients. The problem of minimizing the uniform norm on E by monic polynomials from P n (C) is well known as the Chebyshev problem (see [4], [31], [43], [16], etc.) In the classical case E = [-1, 1], the explicit solution of this problem is given by the monic Chebyshev polynomial of degree n: T n (x) := 2 1-n cos(n arccos x), n # N. Using a change of variable, we can immediately extend this to an arbitrary interval [a, b] # R, so that t n (x) := # b - a 2 # n T n # 2x - a - b b - a # is a monic polynomial with real coe#cients and the smallest uniform norm on [a, b] among all monic polynomials from P n (C). In fact, (1.1) #t n # [a,b] = 2 # b - a 4 # n , n # N, and we find that the Chebyshev constant for [a, b] is given by (1.2) t C ([a, b]) := lim n## #t n # 1/n [a,b] = b - a 4 . The Chebyshev constant of an arbitrary compact set E # C is defined in a similar fashion: (1.3) t C (E) := lim n## #t n # 1/n E , where t n is the Chebyshev polynomial of degree n on E. It is known that t C (E) is equal to the transfinite diameter and the logarithmic capacity cap(E) of the set E (cf. [43, pp. 71-75], [16] and [30] for the definitions and background material). 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 11C08, 30C10; Secondary 31A05, 31A15. Key words and phrases. Chebyshev polynomials, integer Chebyshev constant, integer transfinite diameter, zeros, multiple factors, asymptotic...

The original Gelfond-Schnirelman method, proposed in 1936, uses polynomials with integer coe#cients and small norms on [0, 1] to give a Chebyshevtype lower bound in prime number theory. We study a generalization of this method for polynomials in many variables. Our main result is a lower bound for the integral of Chebyshev's #-function, expressed in terms of the weighted capacity. This extends previous work of Nair and Chudnovsky, and connects the subject to the potential theory with external fields generated by polynomialtype weights. We also solve the corresponding potential theoretic problem, by finding the extremal measure and its support. 1. Lower bounds for arithmetic functions Let #(x) be the number of primes not exceeding x. The celebrated Prime Number Theorem (PNT), suggested by Legendre and Gauss, states that ##.

Abstract. We survey polynomial inequalities obtained via coefficient multipliers, for norms defined by the contour or the area integrals over the unit disk. Special attention is devoted to the Szegő composition and the inequalities related to Mahler’s measure. We also consider a new height on polynomial spaces defined by the integral over the normalized area measure on the unit disk. This natural analog of Mahler’s measure inherits many nice properties such as the multiplicative one. However, this height is a lower bound for Mahler’s measure, and it fails an analog of Lehmer’s conjecture. 1. The Szegő composition and polynomial inequalities This paper is a survey of results on polynomial inequalities obtained via coefficient multipliers, and other topics related to Mahler’s measure. Let Cn[z] and Zn[z] be the sets of all polynomials of degree at most n with complex and integer coefficients respectively. Mahler’s measure of a polynomial Pn ∈ Cn[z] is defined by

Abstract. The multivariate integer Chebyshev problem is to find polynomials with integer coefficients that minimize the supremum norm over a compact set in C d. We study this problem on general sets, but devote special attention to product sets such as cube and polydisk. We also establish a multivariate analog of the Hilbert-Fekete upper bound for the integer Chebyshev constant, which depends on the dimension of space. In the case of single variable polynomials in the complex plane, our estimate coincides with the Hilbert-Fekete result. 1. The integer Chebyshev problem and its multivariate counterpart The supremum norm on a compact set E ⊂ C d, d ∈ N, is defined by �f�E: = sup |f(z)|. z∈E We study polynomials with integer coefficients that minimize the sup norm on a set E, and investigate their asymptotic behavior. The univariate case (d = 1) has a long history, but the problem is virtually untouched for d ≥ 2. Let Pn(C) and Pn(Z) be the classes of algebraic polynomials in one variable, of degree at most n, respectively with complex and with integer coefficients. The problem of minimizing the uniform norm on E by monic polynomials from Pn(C) is the classical Chebyshev problem (see [5], [23], [26], etc.) For E = [−1, 1], the explicit solution of this problem is given by the monic Chebyshev polynomial of degree n: Tn(x): = 2 1−n cos(n arccos x), n ∈ N. By a linear change of variable, we immediately obtain that � �n � � b − a 2x − a − b tn(x):=