Mobile internet technologies, such as WAP, are important for pervasive, anytime, anywhere computing. Although much progress has been made in terms of technological innovation, many of mobile internet systems are difficult to use, lack flexibility and robustness. They give a poor user experience. Evaluation and theoretical analysis of usability combined with innovative design can achieve significant improvements in user performance and satisfaction. Using such multidisciplinary methods explains the negative reactions to WAP, and - more constructively - suggest ways of developing more effective and efficient devices and services.

Metalevel tools can support the software development process by automating the design of task- and application-specific tools. Dash is a metalevel tool that allows developers to generate domain-specific knowledge-acquisition tools from domain ontologies. Domain specialists use the knowledge-acquisition tools generated by dash to instantiate the concepts and relationships defined in the domain ontologies. The output of the knowledge-acquisition tools is a collection of instances that constitute the knowledge base for a knowledge-based system.

This paper examines, gathers, and reviews global know-led-ge about selection rules for choosing interaction objects. This analysis allows to define: (i) the premisses of selection rules in terms of attributes from an object-oriented data model, (ii) the conclusions in terms of abstract interaction objects from an object-oriented model, and (iii) a generalized definition of selection rules. It finally endea-vours to provide a more complete set of selection rules for elementary, composite, and specific data.

has been approved for the

Automatic user interface generation is a widely discussed topic in the research community. In recent years several approaches have been developed to support this kind of generation. There is a need to summarise this. This article should provide a basis for a founded discussion in this direction. The article gives an overview about model-based user interface software tools. The special attention is paid to the declarative models. The process of user interface generation is highlighted on a basis of a categorisation. The main section contains ideas of TADEUS about automatic user interface generation explained by an example.

Protégé-ii is a developmentenvironment for knowledge-based systems. Protégé-ii supports developers by providing a series of development tools. Dash, which is part of the Protégé-ii tool set, is a metalevel tool that uses domain ontologies (which are models of domain concepts and relationships among concepts) as the basis for generating domain-specific knowledge-acquisition tools. Domain experts use the tools that dash generates to enter the knowledge required for problem solving.

This paper presents an object-oriented approach for the specification of graphical user interfaces. Specification starts with the analysis of the end user's operations. The user interface is then designed on the basis of this analysis. Operation analysis is followed by structure and component specification which presents the dialogue structure of the application and the contents of each dialogue. Visualization produces the final screen layouts, and task specification documents the usage of the user interface for the purpose of creating user's guides

ion: Capturing Logical Interaction Design as Abstraction from "User Interfaces for All" Hans-W. Gellersen Telecooperation Office, University Of Karlsruhe, Vincenz-Prienitz-str. 1, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. Ph. +49 (721) 6902-49, hwg@teco.uni-karlsruhe.de Abstract. Modality abstraction is a concept for capturing those parts of a user interface that describe logical interaction in abstraction from appearance. Thus, modality abstraction provides a common ground for user interfaces that may differ in used representational media, input modalities and dialogue styles. Building modality abstraction into interactive software contributes to portability, modifiability and integration of different modalities. To facilitate modality abstraction, we have developed the MAUI toolkit with building blocks for Modality Abstracting User Interfaces and the MEMFIS method for building modality abstraction into interactive software. 1 Introduction User interface design comprises two sets of design decis...

Abstract. Plasticity of User Interfaces (UIs) refers to the ability of UIs to withstand variations of context of use (<User, Platform, Environment>) while preserving usability. This paper presents COMET, a software architecture style for building task-based plastic interactors. COMET bridges the gap between two main approaches in plasticity: model-driven engineering and interactors toolkits. Interactors that are compliant to the COMET style are called COMETs. These COMETs are multi-rendering multi-technological interactors (WIMP and post-WIMP, Web and non Web as well as vocal). COMETs are extensible and controllable by the user (up until now the designer, in the future the end-user). The COMET architecture and the use of COMETs are illustrated on an executable prototype: a slide viewer called CamNote++.

Memento is a software infrastructure to support the construction and evolution of assistant applications (or assistants) that act as adjuncts to the human mind. Each assistant embodies an e ective understanding of some information domain or problem domain. The assistant employs this understanding to aid a user or user communityin the manipulation, transmission, and storage of meaningful information artifacts from the assistant's domain, called models. Additionally, models ow via the assistant's user interface at the semantic level. Memento provides mechanismswhich address all of these common assistant responsibilities. When combined, the mechanisms result in real{time artifact{based collaboration over an assistant's models. Memento preserves the meaning of an assistant's models throughout these processes by enforcementofthe domain's membership rules, called semantic constraints. Because Memento abstracts an assistant's models and semantic constraints, it is therefore said to be domain{ independent. Memento is composed of two layers. The bottom layer, described in Chapter 2,