there laws of randomness? These old and deep philosophical questions still stir controversy today. Some scholars have suggested that our difficulty in dealing with notions of randomness could be gauged by the comparatively late development of probability theory, which had a

A critical examination of some basic conceptual issues in classical statistical mechanics is attempted, with a view to understanding the origins, structure and status of that discipline. Due attention is given to the interplay between physical and mathematical aspects, particularly regarding the role of probability theory. The focus is on the equilibrium case, which is currently better understood, serving also as a prelude for a further discussion non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. 1

The concept of typicality refers to properties holding for the “vast majority” of cases and is a fundamental idea of the qualitative approach to dynamical problems. We argue that measure-theoretical typicality would be the adequate viewpoint of the role of probability in classical statistical mechanics, particularly in understanding the micro to macroscopic change of levels of description. Keywords: Statistical mechanics; Typicality; Probability.