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. We present the lifting scheme, a simple construction of second generation wavelets, wavelets that are not necessarily translates and dilates of one fixed function. Such wavelets can be adapted to intervals, domains, surfaces, weights, and irregular samples. We show how the lifting scheme leads to a faster, in-place calculation of the wavelet transform. Several examples are included. Key words. wavelet, multiresolution, second generation wavelet, lifting scheme AMS subject classifications. 42C15 1. Introduction. Wavelets form a versatile tool for representing general functions or data sets. Essentially we can think of them as data building blocks. Their fundamental property is that they allow for representations which are efficient and which can be computed fast. In other words, wavelets are capable of quickly capturing the essence of a data set with only a small set of coefficients. This is based on the fact that most data sets have correlation both in time (or space) and frequenc...

this paper is to highlight some of the underlying driving analytical mechanisms. The price of a powerful tool is the effort to construct and understand it. Its successful application hinges on the realization of a number of requirements. Some space has to be reserved for a clear identification of these requirements as well as for their realization. This is also particularly important for understanding the severe obstructions, that keep us at present from readily materializing all the principally promising perspectives.

Abstract. This paper is concerned with the construction and analysis of wavelet-based adaptive algorithms for the numerical solution of elliptic equations. These algorithms approximate the solution u of the equation by a linear combination of N wavelets. Therefore, a benchmark for their performance is provided by the rate of best approximation to u by an arbitrary linear combination of N wavelets (so called N-term approximation), which would be obtained by keeping the N largest wavelet coefficients of the real solution (which of course is unknown). The main result of the paper is the construction of an adaptive scheme which produces an approximation to u with error O(N −s)in the energy norm, whenever such a rate is possible by N-term approximation. The range of s>0 for which this holds is only limited by the approximation properties of the wavelets together with their ability to compress the elliptic operator. Moreover, it is shown that the number of arithmetic operations needed to compute the approximate solution stays proportional to N. The adaptive algorithm applies to a wide class of elliptic problems and wavelet bases. The analysis in this paper puts forward new techniques for treating elliptic problems as well as the linear systems of equations that arise from the wavelet discretization. 1.

In this paper, an adaptive ¯nite element method is constructed for solving elliptic equations that has optimal computational complexity. Whenever for some s > 0, the solution can be approximated to accuracy O(n¡s) in energy norm by a continuous piecewise linear function on some partition with n triangles, and one knows how to approximate the right-hand side in the dual norm with the same rate with piecewise constants, then the adaptive method produces approximations that converge with this rate, taking a number of operations that is of the order of the number of triangles in the output partition. The method is similar in spirit to that from [SINUM, 38 (2000), pp.466{488] by Morin, Nochetto, and Siebert, and so in particular it does not rely on a recurrent coarsening of the partitions. Although the Poisson equation in two dimensions with piecewise linear approximation is considered, it can be expected that the results generalize in several respects.

This survey article is concerned with two basic approximation concepts and their interrelation with the numerical solution of elliptic operator equations, namely nonlinear and adaptive approximation. On one hand, for nonlinear approximation based on wavelet expansions the best possible approximation rate, which a function can have for a given number of degrees of freedom, is characterized in terms of its regularity in a certain scale of Besov spaces. Therefore, after demonstrating the gain of nonlinear approximation over linear approximation measured in a Sobolev scale, we review some recent results on the Sobolev and Besov regularity of solutions to elliptic boundary value 1 problems. On the other hand, nonlinear approximation requires information that is generally not available in practice. Instead one has to resort to the concept of adaptive approximation. We briefly summarize some recent results on wavelet based adaptive schemes for elliptic operator equations. In co...

In "Adaptive Wavelet Methods II --...

This paper is concerned with the development of adaptive numerical methods for elliptic operator equations. We are especially interested in discretization schemes based on wavelet frames. We show that by using three basic subroutines an implementable, convergent scheme can be derived, which, moreover, has optimal computational complexity. The scheme is based on adaptive steepest descent iterations. We illustrate our findings by numerical results for the computation of solutions of the Poisson equation with limited Sobolev smoothness on intervals in 1D and on L-shaped domains in 2D.

This paper is concerned with the efficient evaluation of nonlinear expressions of wavelet expansions obtained through an adaptive process. In particular, evaluation covers here the computation of inner products of such expressions with wavelets which arise, for instance, in the context of Galerkin or Petrov Galerkin schemes for the solution of differential equations. The central objective is to develop schemes that facilitate such evaluations at a computational expense exceeding the complexity of the given expansion, i.e., the number of nonzero wavelet coefficients, as little as possible. The following issues are addressed. First, motivated by previous treatments of the subject, we discuss the type of regularity assumptions that are appropriate in this context and explain the relevance of Besov norms. The principal strategy is to relate the computation of inner products of wavelets with compositions to approximations of compositions in terms of possibly few dual wavelets. The analysis ...

In [CDD00], Cohen, Dahmen and DeVore proposed an adaptive wavelet algorithm for...