. Lambda definability is characterized in categorical models of simply typed lambda calculus with type variables. A category-theoretic framework known as glueing or sconing is used to extend the Jung-Tiuryn characterization of lambda definability [JuT93], first to ccc models, and then to categorical models of the calculus with type variables. Logical relations are now a well-established tool for studying the semantics of various typed lambda calculi. The main lines of research are focused in two areas, the first of which strives for an understanding of Strachey's notion of parametric polymorphism. The main idea is that a parametricly polymorphic function acts independently from the types to which its type variables are instantiated, and that this uniformity may be captured by imposing a relational structure on the types [OHT93, MSd93, MaR91, Wad89, Rey83, Str67]. The other line of research concerns lambda definability and the full abstraction problem for various models of languag...

There has recently been considerable interest in the development of `logical frameworks ' which can represent many of the logics arising in computer science in a uniform way. Within the Edinburgh LF project, this concept is split into two components; the first being a general proof theoretic encoding of logics, and the second a uniform treatment of their model theory. This thesis forms a case study for the work on model theory. The models of many first and higher order logics can be represented as fibred or indexed categories with certain extra structure, and this has been suggested as a general paradigm. The aim of the thesis is to test the strength and flexibility of this paradigm by studying the specific case of Girard's linear logic. It should be noted that the exact form of this logic in the first order case is not entirely certain, and the system treated here is significantly different to that considered by Girard.

System R is an extension of system F that formalizes Reynolds' notion of relational parametricity. In system R, considerably more lambda-terms can be proved equal than in system F: for example, the encoded weak products of F are strong products in R. Also, many "theorems for free" à la Wadler can be proved formally in R. In this paper we describe a semantics for system R. As a first step, we give a precise and general reconstruction of the per model of system F of Bainbridge et al., presenting it as a categorical model in the sense of Seely. Then we interpret system R in this model.

. A description of relational databases in categorical terminology given here has as intended application the study of database dynamics, in particular we view (i) updates as database objects in a suitable category indexed by a topos; (ii) L-fuzzy databases as database objects in sheaves. Indexed categories are constructed to model the databases on a fixed family of domains and also all databases for a varying family of domains. Further, we show that the process of constructing the relational completion of a relational database is a monad in a 2-category of functors. Introduction We use the term relation for a subobject of a finite product of objects in a category. Following the relational database literature, we use the term domain for an object of the ambient category (and warn readers that these are not the ordered objects which go by the name "domain" elsewhere in theoretical Computer Science.) A relational database, as defined by E. F. Codd [3], is first of all a family of rela...

. The paper summarizes the main concepts and paradigms of category theory and explores some of their applications to the area of algebraic specifications. In detail we discuss different approaches to an abstract theory of specification logics. Further we present a uniform framework for developing particular specification logics. We make use of `classifying categories', to present categories of algebras as functor categories and to obtain necessary basic results for particular specification logics in a uniform manner. The specification logics considered are: equational logic for total algebras, conditional equational logic for partial algebras, and rewrite logic for concurrent systems. 1 Category Theory and Applications in Computer Science Category theory has been developed as a mathematical theory over 50 years and has influenced not only almost all branches of structural mathematics but also the development of several areas of computer science. It is the aim of this paper to review t...

Introduction to the Polymorphic Lambda Calculus John C. Reynolds Carnegie Mellon University December 23, 1994 The polymorphic (or second-order) typed lambda calculus was invented by Jean-Yves Girard in 1971 [11, 10], and independently reinvented by myself in 1974 [24]. It is extraordinary that essentially the same programming language was formulated independently by the two of us, especially since we were led to the language by entirely different motivations. In my own case, I was seeking to extend conventional typed programming languages to permit the definition of "polymorphic" procedures that could accept arguments of a variety of types. I started with the ordinary typed lambda calculus and added the ability to pass types as parameters (an idea that was "in the air" at the time, e.g. [4]). For example, as in the ordinary typed lambda calculus one can write f int!int : x int : f(f (x)) to denote the "doubling" function for the type int, which accepts a function from integers

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We prove the following surprising property of Heyting's intuitionistic propositional calculus, IpC. Consider the collection of formulas, , built up from propositional variables (p; q; r; : ::) and falsity (?) using conjunction (^), disjunction (_) and implication (!). Write ` to indicate that such a formula is intuitionistically valid. We show that for each variable p and formula there exists a formula Ap (e ectively computable from), containing only variables not equal to p which occur in, and such that for all formulas not involving p, ` ! Ap if and only if ` !. Consequently quanti cation over propositional variables can be modelled in IpC, and there is an interpretation of the second order propositional calculus, IpC2, in IpC which restricts to the identity on rst order propositions. An immediate corollary is the strengthening of the usual Interpolation Theorem for IpC to the statement that there are least and greatest interpolant formulas for any given pair of formulas. The result also has a number of interesting consequences for the algebraic counterpart of IpC, the theory of Heyting algebras. In particular we show that a model of IpC2 can be constructed whose algebra of truth-values is equal to any given Heyting algebra. 3 Supported by the ESPRIT Basic Research Action Nr 3003, `CLICS'.

We give a definition of a "linear fibration", which is a hyperdoctrine model of polymorphic linear logic, and show how to internalise the fibration, generating topos models. This gives a constructive set theoretical context for the logic of Petri nets, as recently developed by N. Mart'i-Oliet and J. Meseguer. Also, we sketch how this can be further extended to include the exponential operator ! . In this context, the topos model we construct can be embedded in the model constructed by A.M. Pitts. 0 Introduction In [4], it is shown how to enrich the logic of Petri nets with gedanken states and processes, by embedding it into linear logic. Recently, Mart'i-Oliet and Meseguer have asked how to extend this even further to include polymorphism. It turns out that the process is fairly straightforward, and for maximal impact (so as to include constructive set theory), can be internalised to give topos models of polymorphic linear logic. Here we give the necessary definitions, and sketch the ...

Abstract. We present a normalization-by-evaluation (NbE) algorithm for System F ω with βη-equality, the simplest impredicative type theory with computation on the type level. Values are kept abstract and requirements on values are kept to a minimum, allowing many different implementations of the algorithm. The algorithm is verified through a general model construction using typed applicative structures, called type and object structures. Both soundness and completeness of NbE are conceived as an instance of a single fundamental theorem.