We present a categorical theory of `well-behaved' operational semantics which aims at complementing the established theory of domains and denotational semantics to form a coherent whole. It is shown that, if the operational rules of a programming language can be modelled as a natural transformation of a suitable general form, depending on functorial notions of syntax and behaviour, then one gets both an operational model and a canonical, internally fully abstract denotational model for free; moreover, both models satisfy the operational rules. The theory is based on distributive laws and bialgebras; it specialises to the known classes of well-behaved rules for structural operational semantics, such as GSOS.

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ion and Regular Languages ? E. M. Clarke 1 and O. Grumberg 2 and S. Jha 1 1 Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 2 Computer Science Dept, The Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel Abstract. This paper describes a technique based on network grammars and abstraction to verify families of state-transition systems. The family of state-transition systems is represented by a context-free network grammar. Using the structure of the network grammar our technique constructs an invariant which simulates all the state-transition systems in the family. A novel idea used in this paper is to use regular languages to express state properties. We have implemented our techniques and verified two non-trivial examples. 1 Introduction Automatic verification of state-transition systems using temporal logic model checking has been investigated by numerous authors [3, 4, 5, 12, 16]. The basic model checking problem is easy to state Given a state-transition system P and a temporal formula f , de...

Stochastic Process Algebras have been proposed as compositional specification formalisms for performance models. In this paper, we describe a tool which aims at realising all beneficial aspects of compositional performance modelling, the TIPPtool. It incorporates methods for compositional specification as well as solution, based on state-of-the-art-techniques, and wrapped in a user-friendly graphical front end. Apart from highlighting the general benefits of the tool, we also discuss some lessons learned during development and application of the TIPPtool. A non-trivial model of a real life communication system serves as a case study to illustrate benefits and limitations.

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We describe the Timed Input/Output Automata (TIOA) framework, a general mathematical framework for modeling and analyzing real-time systems. It is based on timed I/O automata, which engage in both discrete transitions and continuous trajectories. The framework includes a notion of external behavior, and notions of composition and abstraction. We define safety and liveness properties for timed I/O automata, and a notion of receptiveness, and prove basic results about all of these notions. The TIOA framework is defined as a special case of the new Hybrid I/O Automata (HIOA) modeling framework for hybrid systems. Specifically, a TIOA is an HIOA with no external variables; thus, TIOAs communicate via shared discrete actions only, and do not interact continuously. This restriction is consistent with previous real-time system models, and gives rise to some simplifications in the theory (compared to HIOA). The resulting model is expressive enough to describe complex timing behavior, and to express the important ideas of previous timed automata frameworks.

Intuitionistic and linear logics can be used to specify the operational semantics of transition systems in various ways. We consider here two encodings: one uses linear logic and maps states of the transition system into formulas, and the other uses intuitionistic logic and maps states into terms. In both cases, it is possible to relate transition paths to proofs in sequent calculus. In neither encoding, however, does it seem possible to capture properties, such as simulation and bisimulation, that need to consider all possible transitions or all possible computation paths. We consider augmenting both intuitionistic and linear logics with a proof theoretical treatment of definitions. In both cases, this addition allows proving various judgments concerning simulation and bisimulation (especially for noetherian transition systems). We also explore the use of infinite proofs to reason about infinite sequences of transitions. Finally, combining definitions and induction into sequent calculus proofs makes it possible to reason more richly about properties of transition systems completely within the formal setting of sequent calculus.

In this paper, we introduce a parametric semantics for timed controllers called the Almost ASAP semantics. This semantics is a relaxation of the usual ASAP semantics (also called the maximal progress semantics) which is a mathematical idealization that can not be implemented by any physical device no matter how fast it is. On the contrary, any correct Almost ASAP controller can be implemented by a program on a hardware if this hardware is fast enough. We study the properties of this semantics, show how it can be analyzed using the tool HyTech, and illustrate its practical use on examples.

Abstract We develop a theory of abstract syntax with variable binding. To every binding signature we associate a category of models consisting of variable sets endowed with both a (binding) algebra and a substitution structure compatible with each other. The syntax generated by the signature is the initial model. This gives a notion of initial algebra semantics encompassing the traditional one; besides compositionality, it automatically verifies the semantic substitution lemma.