Modal logic has a good claim to being the logic of choice for describing the reactive behaviour of systems modeled as coalgebras. Logics with modal operators obtained from so-called predicate liftings have been shown to be invariant under behavioral equivalence. Expressivity results stating that, conversely, logically indistinguishable states are behaviorally equivalent depend on the existence of separating sets of predicate liftings for the signature functor at hand. Here, we provide a classification result for predicate liftings which leads to an easy criterion for the existence of such separating sets, and we give simple examples of functors that fail to admit expressive normal or monotone modal logics, respectively, or in fact an expressive (unary) modal logic at all. We then move on to polyadic modal logic, where modal operators may take more than one argument formula. We show that every accessible functor admits an expressive polyadic modal logic. Moreover, expressive polyadic modal logics are, unlike unary modal logics, compositional.

Coalgebras provide a uniform framework for the semantics of a large class of (mostly non-normal) modal logics, including e.g. monotone modal logic, probabilistic and graded modal logic, and coalition logic, as well as the usual Kripke semantics of modal logic. In earlier work, the finite model property for coalgebraic logics has been established w.r.t. the class of all structures appropriate for a given logic at hand; the corresponding modal logics are characterised by being axiomatised in rank 1, i.e. without nested modalities. Here, we extend the range of coalgebraic techniques to cover logics that impose global properties on their models, formulated as frame conditions with possibly nested modalities on the logical side (in generalisation of frame conditions such as symmetry or transitivity in the context of Kripke frames). We show that the finite model property for such logics follows from the finite algebra property of the associated class of complex algebras, and then investigate sufficient conditions for the finite algebra property to hold. Example applications include extensions of coalition logic and logics of uncertainty and knowledge.

Abstract. Deciding whether a modal formula is satisfiable with respect to a given set of (global) assumptions is a question of fundamental importance in applications of logic in computer science. Tableau methods have proved extremely versatile for solving this problem for many different individual logics but they typically do not meet the known complexity bounds for the logics in question. Recently, it has been shown that optimality can be obtained for some logics while retaining practicality by using a technique called “global caching”. Here, we show that global caching is applicable to all logics that can be equipped with coalgebraic semantics, for example, classical modal logic, graded modal logic, probabilistic modal logic and coalition logic. In particular, the coalgebraic approach also covers logics that combine these various features. We thus show that global caching is a widely applicable technique and also provide foundations for optimal tableau algorithms that uniformly apply to a large class of modal logics. 1

Abstract. We present a coalgebraic semantics for reasoning about information update in multi-agent systems. The novelty is that we have one structure for both states and actions and thus our models do not involve the ”change-of-model ” phenomena that arise when using Kripke models. However, we prove that the usual models can be constructed from ours by categorical adjunction. The generality and abstraction of our coalgebraic model turns out to be extremely useful in proving preservation properties of update. In particular, we prove that positive knowledge is preserved and acquired as a result of epistemic update. We also prove common and nested knowledge properties of epistemic updates induced by specific epistemic actions such as public and private announcements, lying, and in particular unsafe actions of security protocols. Our model directly gives rise to a coalgebraic logic with both dynamic and epistemic modalities. We prove a soundness and completeness result for this logic, and illustrate the applicability of the logic by deriving knowledge properties of a simple security protocol. 1

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