Andrei Kolmogorov’s Grundbegriffe Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung put probability’s modern mathematical formalism in place. It also provided a philosophy of probability—an explanation of how the formalism can be connected to the world of experience. In this article, we examine the sources of these two aspects of the Grundbegriffe—the work of the earlier scholars whose ideas Kolmogorov synthesized.

The objective of this paper is to assay several forms of the axiom of choice that have been deemed constructive. In addition to their deductive relationships, the paper will be concerned with metamathematical properties effected by these choice principles and also with some of their classical models.

put probability’s modern mathematical formalism in place. It also provided a philosophy of probability—an explanation of how the formalism can be connected to the world of experience. In this article, we examine the sources of these two aspects of the Grundbegriffe—the work of the earlier scholars whose ideas Kolmogorov synthesized. Key words and phrases: Axioms for probability, Borel, classical