Service-Oriented Computing (SOC) is a new computing paradigm that utilizes services as the basic constructs to support the development of rapid, low-cost and easy composition of distributed applications even in heterogeneous environments. The visionary promise of Service-Oriented Computing is a world of cooperating services where application components are assembled with little effort into a network of services that can be loosely coupled to create flexible dynamic business processes and agile applications that may span organisations and computing platforms. SOC is being shaped by, and increasingly will help shape, modern society as a whole, especially in the areas of dynamic and on-demand business, health and government services. The subject of Service Oriented Computing is vast and enormously complex, spanning many concepts and technologies that find their origins in diverse disciplines that are woven together in an intricate manner. In addition, there is a need to merge technology with an understanding of business processes and organizational structures, a combination of recognizing an enterprise's pain points and the potential solutions that can be applied to correct them. The material in research spans an immense and diverse spectrum of literature, in origin and in character. As a result research activities at both worldwide as well as at European level are very fragmented. This necessitates that a broader vision

Service-Oriented Computing (SOC) is a new computing paradigm that utilizes services as the basic constructs to support the development of rapid, low-cost and easy composition of distributed applications even in heterogeneous environments. The promise of Service-Oriented Computing is a world of cooperating services where application components are assembled with little effort into a network of services that can be loosely coupled to create flexible dynamic business processes and agile applications that may span organizations and computing platforms. The subject of Service-Oriented Computing is vast and enormously complex, spanning many concepts and technologies that find their origins in diverse disciplines that are woven together in an intricate manner. In addition, there is a need to merge technology with an understanding of business processes and organizational structures, a combination of recognizing an enterprise’s pain points and the potential solutions that can be applied to correct them. The material in research spans an immense and diverse spectrum of literature, in origin and in character. As a result research activities are very fragmented. This necessitates that a broader vision and perspective be established — one that permeates and transforms the fundamental

Our goal is to use the vast repositories of available open source code to generate specific functions or classes that meet a user’s specifications. The key words here are specifications and generate. We let users specify what they are looking for as precisely as possible using keywords, class or method signatures, test cases, contracts, and security constraints. Our system then uses an open set of program transformations to map retrieved code into what the user asked for. This approach is implemented in a prototype system for Java with a web interface. 1.

The web-services stack of standards is designed to support the reuse and interoperation of software components on the web. A critical step in the process of developing applications based on web services is service discovery, i.e. the identification of existing web services that can potentially be used in the context of a new web application. Discovery through catalog-style browsing (such as supported currently by web-service registries) is clearly insufficient. To support programmatic service discovery, we have developed a suite of methods that assess the similarity between two WSDL (Web Service Description Language) specifications based on the structure of their data types and operations and the semantics of their natural language descriptions and identifiers. Given only a textual description of the desired service, a semantic information-retrieval method can be used to identify and order the most relevant WSDL specifications based on the similarity of the element descriptions of the available specifications with the query. If a (potentially partial) specification of the desired service behavior is also available, this set of likely candidates can be further refined by a semantic structure-matching step, assessing the structural similarity of the desired vs the retrieved services and the semantic similarity of their identifiers. In this paper, we describe and experimentally evaluate our suite of service-similarity assessment methods.

Abstract. The work reported in this article aims to the discovery of WSDL specifications that are assessed to match to specific data requirements 1: Going beyond the syntactic level, we aim at exploiting the human-intended semantics of WSDL specifications At the core of the proposed method lies the Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) method, which automatically maps data requirements specified in a query to part elements of WSDL input and output messages. We study extensively the performance of the proposed method for different types of experiments ’ configurations. Experiments have been performed over an extended number of services for various domains, with very encouraging results.

Interaction with web service enabled marketplaces would be greatly facilitated if users were given a high level service request language to express their goals in complex business domains. This could be achieved by using a planning frame-work which monitors the execution of planned goals against predefined standard business processes and interacts with the user to achieve goal satisfaction. The thesis addresses the problem of service composition executions man-aged by interacting with the client. The planning architecture accepts high level requests, expressed in XSRL (XML Service Request Language). The plan-ning framework is based on the principle of interleaving planning and exe-cution. This is accomplished on the basis of refinement and revision as new service-related information is gathered from service registries and web services instances, and as execution circumstances necessitate change. The system in-teracts with the user whenever confirmation or verification is needed. The work is primarily concerned with the problems of composition and mon-

Web services have recently received much attention in businesses. However, a number of challenges such as lack of experience in estimating the costs, lack of service innovation and monitoring, and lack of methods for locating appropriate services are to be resolved. One possible approach is by learning from the experiences in Web services and from other similar situations. Such a task requires the use of data mining to represent generalizations on common situations. This chapter examines how some of the issues of Web services can be addressed through data mining. Copyright © 2007, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited. 310 Nayak

Web service, discovery, matchmaking, collaborative tagging, evaluation One of the key requirements for the success of Service Oriented Architecture is discoverability of Web services. Unfortunately, application of authoritatively defined taxonomies cannot cope with the volume of services published on the Web. Collaborative tagging claims to address this problem, but is impeded by the lack of structure to describe Web service functions and interfaces. In this paper we introduce structured collaborative tagging to improve Web service descriptions. Performance of the proposed technique obtained during the Cross-Evaluation track of the Semantic Service Selection 2009 contest is reported. Obtained results show that the proposed approach can be successfully used in both Web service tagging and querying. 1

Abstract. A Web service is a software functionality accessible through the network. Web services are intended to be composed into coarser-grained applications. Achieving a required composite functionality requires the discovery of a collection of Web services out of the enormous service space. Each service must be examined to verify its provided functionality, making the selection task neither efficient nor practical. Moreover, when a service in a composition becomes unavailable, the whole composition may become functionally broken. Therefore, an equivalent service must be retrieved to replace the broken one, thus spending more time and effort. In this paper, we propose an approach for Web service classification based on FCA, using their operations estimated similarities. The generated lattices make the identification of candidate substitutes to a given service straightforward. Thus, service compositions can be achieved more easily and with backup services, so as to easily recover the functionality of a broken service.

Using graph theory, we analyze the topological landscape of web service networks formed by real-world data set, either downloaded from web service repositories or crawled by a search engine. We first propose a flexible framework to study syntactic web service matchmaking in a unified manner. Under the framework, then, the data set is analyzed from diverse perspectives and granularity. By and large, the data set is shown to exhibit small world network well and power-law-like distribution to some extent. Finally, using random graph theory, we demonstrate how to accurately estimate the size of the giant component of such web service networks.